What is albedo? What causes it to be greatest and what lessens it

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What is albedo? What causes it to be greatest and what lessens it?

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It is the measure of the reflectance of a surface. On any surface albedo can be measured by how much light the surface reflect in comparison to how much light it absorbed. For example the overall albedo of earth is approximately 29% which means that the entire surface of earth reflects 29% of light in comparison to what it absorbs. 

the proper definition would be 

Surface albedo is defined as the ratio of radiosity(reflection) to the irradiance (flux per unit area) received by a surface.

it is measured on the scale of 0 to 1 , 0 represents no albedo(no reflection) and 1 represents maximum albedo(no absorption).

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