Genetic Recombination
Recombination is crucial to this process because it allows genes to be reassorted into diverse combinations. Genetic recombination is the process of combining genetic components from two different origins into a single unit. In prokaryotes, genetic recombination takes place by the unilateral transfer of deoxyribonucleic acid. It includes transduction, transformation, and conjugation. The genetic exchange occurring between homologous deoxyribonucleic acid sequences (DNA) from two different sources is termed general recombination. For this to happen, an identical sequence of the two recombining molecules is required. The process of genetic exchange which occurs in eukaryotes during sexual reproduction such as meiosis is an example of this type of genetic recombination.
Microbial Genetics
Genes are the functional units of heredity. They transfer characteristic information from parents to the offspring.
What is a vector in DNA cloning?
DNA cloning is a technique that forms many identical copies of a DNA segment (gene). In a general DNA cloning experiment, a target gene is inserted into a plasmid, which is a circular piece of DNA. The plasmid then introduced into the bacteria through the process of transformation. These bacteria are selected by using the antibiotics. Bacteria introduced with the correct plasmid then used to make more plasmid DNA, or in some cases they are induced to express genes and produce proteins.
In the process of DNA cloning, a vector is the DNA molecule that is used as a vehicle to carry the foreign gene into another cell, where it can be replicated or expressed. A vector that contains foreign genetic material termed as recombinant DNA.
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