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What is a rectifier? 2. How does a diode act as a rectifier? 3. What is the significance of PIV? What is the condition imposed on PIV? 4. What is meant by regulation? 5. What is meant by time constant? 6. What is meant by ripple factor?

What is a rectifier? 2. How does a diode act as a rectifier? 3. What is the significance of PIV? What is the condition imposed on PIV? 4. What is meant by regulation? 5. What is meant by time constant? 6. What is meant by ripple factor?

Introductory Circuit Analysis (13th Edition)
Introductory Circuit Analysis (13th Edition)
13th Edition
ISBN:9780133923605
Author:Robert L. Boylestad
Publisher:Robert L. Boylestad
Chapter1: Introduction
Section: Chapter Questions
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3.4 PRE-LABORATORY QUESTIONS 1. What is a rectifier? 2. How does a diode act as a rectifier? 3. What is the significance of PIV? What is the condition imposed on PIV? 4. What is meant by regulation? 5. What is meant by time constant? 6. What is meant by ripple factor?
3.7 CIRCUIT DIAGRAMS 230V 50 H₂ AC T Vo 230V 50 H₂ AC 3.8 EXPECTED GRAPHS 12V 12V nu IN 4007 V₁ (RMS) DI DI OV Figure 3.1: Half-Wave Rectifier without Filter IN 4007 Vi (RMS) за lac (0-200mA lac R₁ (0-200)m.A R₁ + C I Figure 3.3 (0-20)V Figure 3.2: Half-Wave Rectifier with Filter 100 pF- INPUT SIGNAL t 3 / 4 (0-20)V (0-20)V HALF WAVE RECTIFIER WITHOUT FILTER HALF WAVE RECTIFIER WITH FILTER (0-20)V ***** OUTPUT OF RECTIFIER WITHOUT FILTER OUTPUT OF RECTIFIER WITH FILTER 53% + 3.9 TABLES Table 3.1: Half-Wave Rectifier without Filter 1. 2. 3. 1. 2. Load Resistance (RL) 500 Ω 1 ΚΩ 3. Table 3.2: Half-Wave Rectifier with Filter Load Resistance (RL) . . 10 ΚΩ . . . 500 £2 1 KQ Input Output Voltage Voltage Peak (Vm) Peak (Vo) 10 ΚΩ Input Voltage Peak (Vm) Average DC Average DC Current Voltage (Idc) (Vdc) Output Voltage Peak (Vo) Average DC Current (Idc) Average DC Voltage (Vdc) RMS Voltage (Vac) RMS Voltage (Vac) 3.10 REPORT Experiment reports must include, but not limited to the following Draw the o/p waveform without filter Draw the o/p waveform with filter For a good filter should the ripple factor be high or low? What happens if the capacitor value is increased? Observe and plot the input and the output waveforms of a half-wave rectifier with and without filter. Ripple Factor Vac Vac y = Ripple Factor Vac Vac Y =
Transcribed Image Text:3.7 CIRCUIT DIAGRAMS 230V 50 H₂ AC T Vo 230V 50 H₂ AC 3.8 EXPECTED GRAPHS 12V 12V nu IN 4007 V₁ (RMS) DI DI OV Figure 3.1: Half-Wave Rectifier without Filter IN 4007 Vi (RMS) за lac (0-200mA lac R₁ (0-200)m.A R₁ + C I Figure 3.3 (0-20)V Figure 3.2: Half-Wave Rectifier with Filter 100 pF- INPUT SIGNAL t 3 / 4 (0-20)V (0-20)V HALF WAVE RECTIFIER WITHOUT FILTER HALF WAVE RECTIFIER WITH FILTER (0-20)V ***** OUTPUT OF RECTIFIER WITHOUT FILTER OUTPUT OF RECTIFIER WITH FILTER 53% + 3.9 TABLES Table 3.1: Half-Wave Rectifier without Filter 1. 2. 3. 1. 2. Load Resistance (RL) 500 Ω 1 ΚΩ 3. Table 3.2: Half-Wave Rectifier with Filter Load Resistance (RL) . . 10 ΚΩ . . . 500 £2 1 KQ Input Output Voltage Voltage Peak (Vm) Peak (Vo) 10 ΚΩ Input Voltage Peak (Vm) Average DC Average DC Current Voltage (Idc) (Vdc) Output Voltage Peak (Vo) Average DC Current (Idc) Average DC Voltage (Vdc) RMS Voltage (Vac) RMS Voltage (Vac) 3.10 REPORT Experiment reports must include, but not limited to the following Draw the o/p waveform without filter Draw the o/p waveform with filter For a good filter should the ripple factor be high or low? What happens if the capacitor value is increased? Observe and plot the input and the output waveforms of a half-wave rectifier with and without filter. Ripple Factor Vac Vac y = Ripple Factor Vac Vac Y =
3.1 AIM EXPERIMENT 3 HALFWAVE RECTIFIERS WITH/WITHOUT FILTERS Examine the input and output waveforms of a half wave rectifier with and without filters. Calculate the ripple factor with load resistances of 500 2, 1 KQ, and 10 KQ, respectively. Calculate ripple factor with a filter capacitor of 100 μF and the loads of 1 KQ, 2 KQ, and 10 K, respectively. 3.2 COMPONENTS & EQUIPMENT REQUIRED 1 2 DEVICES a) AC Supply b) Silicon Diodes c) Capacitor a) DC Voltmeter b) AC Voltmeter DC Ammeter 3 4 Cathode Ray Oscilloscope 5 Decade Resistance Box 6 Connecting wires RANGE/RATING 9-0-9 V 1N4007 0.47 uF 0-20 V 0-20 V 0-50 mA 0-20 MHz 10 Ω-100 ΚΩ 5A QUANTITY (in No.s) 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 12 3.3 THEORY During positive half-cyde of the input voltage, the diode D1 is in forward bias and conducts through the load resistor R1. Hence the current produces an output voltage across the load resistor R1, which has the same shape as the +ve half-cycle of the input voltage. Q Search During the negative half-cycle of the input voltage, the diode is reverse biased and there is no current through the circuit. L.e, the voltage across R1 is zero. The net result is that only the +ve half-cycle of the input voltage appears across the load. The average value of the half-wave rectified o/p voltage is the value measured on DC voltmeter. For practical circuits, transformer coupling is usually provided for two reasons. 1. The voltage can be stepped up or stepped down as needed. 2. The AC source is electrically isolated from the rectifier. Thus, preventing shock hazards in the secondary circuit. 3.4 PRE-LABORATORY QUESTIONS 1. What is a rectifier? 2. How does a diode act as a rectifier? 3. What is the significance of PIV? What is the condition imposed on PIV? 4. What is meant by regulation? 5. What is meant by time constant? 6. What is meant by ripple factor? 3.5 PRECAUTIONS 1. Ensure that the polarities of the power supply and the meters as per the circuit diagram. 2. Keep the input voltage knob of the regulated power supply in minimum position both when switching ON or switching OFF the power supply. 3. No loose contacts at the junctions. 4. Ensure that the ratings of the meters are as per the circuit design for precision. 3.6 PROCEDURE Half-Wave Rectifier without Filter 1. Connect the circuit as shown in Figure 3.1 2. Adjust the load resistance, RL to 500 2, and note down the readings of input and output voltages through oscilloscope. 3. Note the readings of DC current, DC voltage and AC voltage. 4. Change the load resistance RL to 1 KQ and repeat the above procedure. 5. Change the load resistance RL to 10 K2 and repeat the above procedure. 6. Note down the values in Table 3.1 Half-Wave Rectifier with Filter 1. Connect the circuit as shown in Figure 3.2. 2. Repeat the procedure shown above. 3. Note down the values in Table 3.2. DELL W R
Transcribed Image Text:3.1 AIM EXPERIMENT 3 HALFWAVE RECTIFIERS WITH/WITHOUT FILTERS Examine the input and output waveforms of a half wave rectifier with and without filters. Calculate the ripple factor with load resistances of 500 2, 1 KQ, and 10 KQ, respectively. Calculate ripple factor with a filter capacitor of 100 μF and the loads of 1 KQ, 2 KQ, and 10 K, respectively. 3.2 COMPONENTS & EQUIPMENT REQUIRED 1 2 DEVICES a) AC Supply b) Silicon Diodes c) Capacitor a) DC Voltmeter b) AC Voltmeter DC Ammeter 3 4 Cathode Ray Oscilloscope 5 Decade Resistance Box 6 Connecting wires RANGE/RATING 9-0-9 V 1N4007 0.47 uF 0-20 V 0-20 V 0-50 mA 0-20 MHz 10 Ω-100 ΚΩ 5A QUANTITY (in No.s) 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 12 3.3 THEORY During positive half-cyde of the input voltage, the diode D1 is in forward bias and conducts through the load resistor R1. Hence the current produces an output voltage across the load resistor R1, which has the same shape as the +ve half-cycle of the input voltage. Q Search During the negative half-cycle of the input voltage, the diode is reverse biased and there is no current through the circuit. L.e, the voltage across R1 is zero. The net result is that only the +ve half-cycle of the input voltage appears across the load. The average value of the half-wave rectified o/p voltage is the value measured on DC voltmeter. For practical circuits, transformer coupling is usually provided for two reasons. 1. The voltage can be stepped up or stepped down as needed. 2. The AC source is electrically isolated from the rectifier. Thus, preventing shock hazards in the secondary circuit. 3.4 PRE-LABORATORY QUESTIONS 1. What is a rectifier? 2. How does a diode act as a rectifier? 3. What is the significance of PIV? What is the condition imposed on PIV? 4. What is meant by regulation? 5. What is meant by time constant? 6. What is meant by ripple factor? 3.5 PRECAUTIONS 1. Ensure that the polarities of the power supply and the meters as per the circuit diagram. 2. Keep the input voltage knob of the regulated power supply in minimum position both when switching ON or switching OFF the power supply. 3. No loose contacts at the junctions. 4. Ensure that the ratings of the meters are as per the circuit design for precision. 3.6 PROCEDURE Half-Wave Rectifier without Filter 1. Connect the circuit as shown in Figure 3.1 2. Adjust the load resistance, RL to 500 2, and note down the readings of input and output voltages through oscilloscope. 3. Note the readings of DC current, DC voltage and AC voltage. 4. Change the load resistance RL to 1 KQ and repeat the above procedure. 5. Change the load resistance RL to 10 K2 and repeat the above procedure. 6. Note down the values in Table 3.1 Half-Wave Rectifier with Filter 1. Connect the circuit as shown in Figure 3.2. 2. Repeat the procedure shown above. 3. Note down the values in Table 3.2. DELL W R
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