What is a good response to? Identify the differences between paper-based and digital evidence. Digital evidence is not physical/tangible. This evidence is based in technology in electronic form such as e-mails, digital documents etc. Whereas, paper-based evidence is physical and tangible. While the difference is great, both forms of evidence hold a great value. However, digital evidence can be retrieved much faster than paper-based evidence. The approach to maintain the authenticity of each is also different. This is due to the great trouble that one could run into to retrieve paper-based evidence which could involve sorting through a large amount of paper/boxes/cabinets/etc. and the different forms that each could be tampered with depending on their form. Do you believe that digital evidence can be destroyed? Support your opinion with case references. Like any evidence, digital evidence can also be destroyed. Recovery may be possible with current advancements in technology. It is important to have forensic skills in the retrieval of data to ensure it can be salvaged and recoverable.  Can recreated files, pulled from other sources than the original laptop in this case, hold as evidence in a courtroom case? The textbook states, "with limited exceptions, a failure to object is treated as a party's waiver of any right to appeal a judge's ruling on the admission of particular evidence" (Crumbley, 2021). It is possible that recreated filed could hold as evidence in a courtroom case. That being said, the evidence must be deemed relevant and reliable. Other issues could arise that would dismiss evidence too such as being prejudice or misleading. It must be determined that the filed from another source must be authentic, have a clear chain of accessibility, and sufficient testimony to prove it holds integrity in court.

Auditing: A Risk Based-Approach (MindTap Course List)
11th Edition
ISBN:9781337619455
Author:Karla M Johnstone, Audrey A. Gramling, Larry E. Rittenberg
Publisher:Karla M Johnstone, Audrey A. Gramling, Larry E. Rittenberg
Chapter5: Professional Auditing Standards And The Audit Opinion Formulation Process
Section: Chapter Questions
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Identify the differences between paper-based and digital evidence.

Digital evidence is not physical/tangible. This evidence is based in technology in electronic form such as e-mails, digital documents etc. Whereas, paper-based evidence is physical and tangible. While the difference is great, both forms of evidence hold a great value. However, digital evidence can be retrieved much faster than paper-based evidence. The approach to maintain the authenticity of each is also different. This is due to the great trouble that one could run into to retrieve paper-based evidence which could involve sorting through a large amount of paper/boxes/cabinets/etc. and the different forms that each could be tampered with depending on their form.

  • Do you believe that digital evidence can be destroyed? Support your opinion with case references.

Like any evidence, digital evidence can also be destroyed. Recovery may be possible with current advancements in technology. It is important to have forensic skills in the retrieval of data to ensure it can be salvaged and recoverable. 

  • Can recreated files, pulled from other sources than the original laptop in this case, hold as evidence in a courtroom case?

The textbook states, "with limited exceptions, a failure to object is treated as a party's waiver of any right to appeal a judge's ruling on the admission of particular evidence" (Crumbley, 2021). It is possible that recreated filed could hold as evidence in a courtroom case. That being said, the evidence must be deemed relevant and reliable. Other issues could arise that would dismiss evidence too such as being prejudice or misleading. It must be determined that the filed from another source must be authentic, have a clear chain of accessibility, and sufficient testimony to prove it holds integrity in court. 

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