Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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Question
what is a chemical equation that is similar to the bromination of acetone in terms of the rate law
![**Chemical Reaction: Alpha Halogenation of Acetone**
**Reaction Description:**
This image showcases the alpha bromination of acetone in the presence of an acid catalyst. The chemical equation is as follows:
\[ \text{CH}_3\text{C(O)CH}_3 + \text{Br}_2 \xrightarrow{\text{H}^+} \text{CH}_3\text{C(O)CH}_2\text{Br} + \text{Br}^- + \text{H}^+ \]
**Explanation:**
1. **Reactants**:
- **Acetone** (\(\text{CH}_3\text{C(O)CH}_3\)): A simple ketone with a methyl group on both sides of the carbonyl group.
- **Bromine** (\(\text{Br}_2\)): A diatomic molecule used as the halogenating agent.
2. **Catalyst**:
- **Hydrogen ion** (\(\text{H}^+\)): Acts as an acid catalyst to facilitate the reaction by stabilizing the enol form of acetone.
3. **Products**:
- **Alpha Bromoacetone** (\(\text{CH}_3\text{C(O)CH}_2\text{Br}\)): A ketone where one of the alpha hydrogens (hydrogens adjacent to the carbonyl group) is substituted with a bromine atom.
- **Bromide ion** (\(\text{Br}^-\)): A byproduct of the reaction.
- **Hydrogen ion** (\(\text{H}^+\)): Regenerated after the reaction, indicating that it functions as a catalyst.
**Mechanism Insight:**
The reaction proceeds through the formation of an enol intermediate from acetone, which then reacts with bromine to introduce the bromine atom at the alpha position relative to the carbonyl group. This is a typical example of halogenation of ketones under acidic conditions.](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F8d870417-90fa-4e90-962a-13f10d87b3a0%2F21136bd8-c36c-4272-9125-bd7a64e6f81d%2F9zbq8va_processed.png&w=3840&q=75)
Transcribed Image Text:**Chemical Reaction: Alpha Halogenation of Acetone**
**Reaction Description:**
This image showcases the alpha bromination of acetone in the presence of an acid catalyst. The chemical equation is as follows:
\[ \text{CH}_3\text{C(O)CH}_3 + \text{Br}_2 \xrightarrow{\text{H}^+} \text{CH}_3\text{C(O)CH}_2\text{Br} + \text{Br}^- + \text{H}^+ \]
**Explanation:**
1. **Reactants**:
- **Acetone** (\(\text{CH}_3\text{C(O)CH}_3\)): A simple ketone with a methyl group on both sides of the carbonyl group.
- **Bromine** (\(\text{Br}_2\)): A diatomic molecule used as the halogenating agent.
2. **Catalyst**:
- **Hydrogen ion** (\(\text{H}^+\)): Acts as an acid catalyst to facilitate the reaction by stabilizing the enol form of acetone.
3. **Products**:
- **Alpha Bromoacetone** (\(\text{CH}_3\text{C(O)CH}_2\text{Br}\)): A ketone where one of the alpha hydrogens (hydrogens adjacent to the carbonyl group) is substituted with a bromine atom.
- **Bromide ion** (\(\text{Br}^-\)): A byproduct of the reaction.
- **Hydrogen ion** (\(\text{H}^+\)): Regenerated after the reaction, indicating that it functions as a catalyst.
**Mechanism Insight:**
The reaction proceeds through the formation of an enol intermediate from acetone, which then reacts with bromine to introduce the bromine atom at the alpha position relative to the carbonyl group. This is a typical example of halogenation of ketones under acidic conditions.
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