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What does this theory mean ?

What does this theory mean ?

Chemistry
Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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What does this theory mean ?

**Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Fats (Esters)** **Theory:** \[ \text{R-C(=O)-OR'} \xrightarrow{H^+ \text{ or } E} \text{R-C(=O)-OH} + \text{R'OH} \] - This reaction lowers the pH. **Reaction Mechanism:** 1. **Initial Ester Structure:** \[ \delta^- \quad \text{R-C(=O)-OR'} \quad \delta^+ \] 2. **Activation by Enzyme (E):** \[ \text{R-C(=O)-OR'} \xrightarrow{E} \text{R-C(=O^+E)-OR'} \] 3. **Nucleophilic Attack by Water:** \[ \text{R-C(=O^+E)-OR'} \xrightarrow{H_2O} \text{R-C(-OH)-OR'} \] 4. **Proton Transfer:** \[ \text{R-C(-OH)-OR'} \rightarrow \text{R-C(=O)-OH} + \text{R'OH} \] 5. **Final Products:** - Carboxylic Acid (\(\text{R-C(=O)-OH}\)) - Alcohol (\(\text{R'OH}\)) **Note:** The diagrams show the step-by-step breakdown of the ester into a carboxylic acid and an alcohol, facilitated by the enzyme (E) and acid (\(H^+\)). The process involves nucleophilic attacks and proton transfers that gradually lead to the hydrolysis of the ester.
Transcribed Image Text:**Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Fats (Esters)** **Theory:** \[ \text{R-C(=O)-OR'} \xrightarrow{H^+ \text{ or } E} \text{R-C(=O)-OH} + \text{R'OH} \] - This reaction lowers the pH. **Reaction Mechanism:** 1. **Initial Ester Structure:** \[ \delta^- \quad \text{R-C(=O)-OR'} \quad \delta^+ \] 2. **Activation by Enzyme (E):** \[ \text{R-C(=O)-OR'} \xrightarrow{E} \text{R-C(=O^+E)-OR'} \] 3. **Nucleophilic Attack by Water:** \[ \text{R-C(=O^+E)-OR'} \xrightarrow{H_2O} \text{R-C(-OH)-OR'} \] 4. **Proton Transfer:** \[ \text{R-C(-OH)-OR'} \rightarrow \text{R-C(=O)-OH} + \text{R'OH} \] 5. **Final Products:** - Carboxylic Acid (\(\text{R-C(=O)-OH}\)) - Alcohol (\(\text{R'OH}\)) **Note:** The diagrams show the step-by-step breakdown of the ester into a carboxylic acid and an alcohol, facilitated by the enzyme (E) and acid (\(H^+\)). The process involves nucleophilic attacks and proton transfers that gradually lead to the hydrolysis of the ester.
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