What does the Structure of Scientific Revolutions include?
What does the Structure of Scientific Revolutions include?
Sociology is an empirical science of society. It uses several scientific methods to study the different aspects of society and the factors that lead to the social change process. The scientific theories much influence it. It also explains how the changes in scientific thought affected the whole, which altered the social structures drastically.
The structure of the scientific revolution is a magnum opus work by Thomas Kuhn. He viewed the role of science in society to be too to solve the problems faced by society. He described scientific progress as the progress towards the solutions for social problems. If the existing scientific paradigm doesn't solve this purpose to solve problem, it will be overthrown by a new scientific paradigm. The structure of scientific revolutions is whole about the paradigm shifts in the scientific discipline that has a structure sequence in its change process. He viewed the paradigm as a set of beliefs and practices that scientists use to carry out a field study and the apparatuses that are used to test the formulated hypothesis. But, there are minor chances of destroying the whole paradigm rather than the new apparatuses and developments fitted into the existing paradigm, which helps solve the newly emerging problems. This book says that there is a structure for the scientific revolution. Kuhn says the paradigm shift is a kind of revolution that is like a pre-science stage where new theories get the opportunity to induce into the scientific discipline and get accepted by the scientific community. This structure is like pre-science - normal science - adjustment - crisis - revolution. For example, the view of Pluto as a planet can be taken into a normal science stage. In the adjustment stage, the theories are adjusted to believe it is a planet, and it results in a crisis. This crisis will lead to a change in the paradigm or revolution that makes the theory to be accepted by the major scientific community. For another example, the Ptolemy description of the theory about the solar system is overthrown, and its position is occupied by the Copernican theory of the solar system. This change follows the structure to become an independent theory and to get accepted by the larger scientific community.
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