Need help with C++ Question ### Program ExplanationThe provided C++ program demonstrates the concept of method overloading and method hiding in inheritance.**Code:**```cpp#include class Base { public: void f(int) { std::cout << "i"; }};class Derived : Base { public: void f(double) { std::cout << "d"; }};int main() { Derived d; int i = 0; d.f(i);}```**Explanation:**1. **Classes and Inheritance:** - The program has two classes: `Base` and `Derived`. - `Derived` inherits from `Base`.2. **Method Definitions:** - `Base` has a public method `f(int)` that outputs `"i"`. - `Derived` defines a method `f(double)` which outputs `"d"`. This method hides the `f(int)` method from the `Base` class because it has the same name.3. **Main Function:** - An object `d` of type `Derived` is created. - An integer `i` is initialized to `0`. - The method `f(i)` is called on the `Derived` object `d`.**Behavior and Output:**Despite the integer `i` being passed, the `Derived` class method `f(double)` is chosen, due to method hiding. Thus, the integer `i` is implicitly converted to a double, and "d" is printed.**Key Concepts:**- **Function Overloading:** The ability to define multiple functions with the same name but different parameters.- **Method Hiding:** In C++, methods in a derived class hide all overloaded methods of the same name in the base class, unless explicitly brought into scope using `using` or similar.This behavior highlights the nuances of method resolution in C++ inheritance. To access the hidden method from the base class, you could explicitly call it using `Derived::Base::f(int)` or restructure the class inheritance using `using Base::f;` inside the `Derived` class.

A parent class "Base" is created with the member function "f(int)", which prints the string "i". A child class "Derived" is created with the member function "f(double)", which prints the string "d". In "main()" function, the object for "Derived" class is created. The value for the variable "i" is initialized with "0". The function "f()" is called using the object of "Derived" class. The string "d" is printed to the console because, the function "f()" is called with the respective object instance of class "Derived". Even integer value is passed to the function "f()", it prints "d". In case, when calling the function "f()" with the object instance of "Derived" class, if there is no respective function "f()" in that class, then it searches for parent class "Base" for the function "f()". Then it executes what inside of it.Therefore, from the above explanation, the string "d" is printed to the console

Engineering

Computer Science

What does the following program do. Explain why. #include class Base { public: void f(int) { std::cout << "i"; } } ; class Derived : Base { public: void f(double) { std::cout << "d"; } }; int main () { Derived d; int i = 0; d.f(i); }

What does the following program do. Explain why. #include class Base { public: void f(int) { std::cout << "i"; } } ; class Derived : Base { public: void f(double) { std::cout << "d"; } }; int main () { Derived d; int i = 0; d.f(i); }

Database System Concepts

7th Edition

ISBN:9780078022159

Author:Abraham Silberschatz Professor, Henry F. Korth, S. Sudarshan

Publisher:Abraham Silberschatz Professor, Henry F. Korth, S. Sudarshan

Chapter1: Introduction

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1PE

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