What does it mean to say that two variables are positively associated? Negatively associated?
Definition Definition Measure of central tendency that is the average of a given data set. The mean value is evaluated as the quotient of the sum of all observations by the sample size. The mean, in contrast to a median, is affected by extreme values. Very large or very small values can distract the mean from the center of the data. Arithmetic mean: The most common type of mean is the arithmetic mean. It is evaluated using the formula: μ = 1 N ∑ i = 1 N x i Other types of means are the geometric mean, logarithmic mean, and harmonic mean. Geometric mean: The nth root of the product of n observations from a data set is defined as the geometric mean of the set: G = x 1 x 2 ... x n n Logarithmic mean: The difference of the natural logarithms of the two numbers, divided by the difference between the numbers is the logarithmic mean of the two numbers. The logarithmic mean is used particularly in heat transfer and mass transfer. ln x 2 − ln x 1 x 2 − x 1 Harmonic mean: The inverse of the arithmetic mean of the inverses of all the numbers in a data set is the harmonic mean of the data. 1 1 x 1 + 1 x 2 + ...
Expert Solution
Association: The association of how two varaibles are connected with each other. It decides how one variable (dependent) changes with a change in the predictor variable (independent). We use correlation, regression, and scatterplot to examine, analyze, and display the relationship between two statistical variables. For example, a study was conducted to determine the association between salary and the price of the car people owned. We will examine how the salary (independent variable) would influence the price of the car (dependent variable). Similarly, we can also examine the relationship between the weight of a person and caloric intake per day.
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