What compound is formed when the aldose is treated with H₂ in the presence of a Pd catalyst? H. H- -C-OH H-C- -OH H-C-OH H₂ Pd HOH₂C H OH -OH CH₂OH edit structure ... X
What compound is formed when the aldose is treated with H₂ in the presence of a Pd catalyst? H. H- -C-OH H-C- -OH H-C-OH H₂ Pd HOH₂C H OH -OH CH₂OH edit structure ... X
Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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Carbohydrates
Carbohydrates are the organic compounds that are obtained in foods and living matters in the shape of sugars, cellulose, and starch. The general formula of carbohydrates is Cn(H2O)2. The ratio of H and O present in carbohydrates is identical to water.
Starch
Starch is a polysaccharide carbohydrate that belongs to the category of polysaccharide carbohydrates.
Mutarotation
The rotation of a particular structure of the chiral compound because of the epimerization is called mutarotation. It is the repercussion of the ring chain tautomerism. In terms of glucose, this can be defined as the modification in the equilibrium of the α- and β- glucose anomers upon its dissolution in the solvent water. This process is usually seen in the chemistry of carbohydrates.
L Sugar
A chemical compound that is represented with a molecular formula C6H12O6 is called L-(-) sugar. At the carbon’s 5th position, the hydroxyl group is placed to the compound’s left and therefore the sugar is represented as L(-)-sugar. It is capable of rotating the polarized light’s plane in the direction anticlockwise. L isomers are one of the 2 isomers formed by the configurational stereochemistry of the carbohydrates.
Question
Transcribed Image Text:### Understanding Aldose Reduction
#### Instructions:
Click the "draw structure" button to launch the drawing utility.
#### Question:
What compound is formed when the aldose is treated with H₂ in the presence of a Pd catalyst?
#### Aldose Structure:
The given aldose has the following structure:
- It has a carbonyl group (C=O) at the first carbon (an aldehyde group).
- Hydroxyl groups (–OH) are attached to the second, third, and fourth carbons.
- The fifth carbon has a hydroxymethyl group (–CH₂OH).
Below is the step-by-step reaction and resulting structure:
1. **Reacting Aldose with H₂ and Pd Catalyst:**
- The reduction of the aldehyde group (C=O) to a primary alcohol (–CH₂OH) occurs in the presence of hydrogen gas (H₂) and a palladium (Pd) catalyst.
- The carbonyl group at the first carbon is reduced to a hydroxyl group (–OH).
2. **Product Formation:**
- After reduction, the resulting compound is an alditol (a sugar alcohol).
- The final structure features a hydroxyl group at each carbon.
#### Explanation of Diagram:
There is a diagram illustrating this reduction process which includes:
- **Before Reaction:**
- The initial aldose structure with the aldehyde group (C=O) and hydroxyl groups (–OH) on the second, third, and fourth carbons.
- **Reaction Process:**
- An arrow indicates the addition of H₂ in the presence of a Pd catalyst pointing to the resulting reduced structure.
- **After Reaction:**
- The product alditol, with hydroxyl groups on each carbon, is displayed in a highlighted box with options for further editing or reviewing in the drawing utility.
This reaction simplifies the understanding of how an aldose can be reduced to its corresponding alditol through catalytic hydrogenation.
Transcribed Image Text:**Oxidation Reaction with Benedict's Reagent**
### Objective:
To determine the product formed when a specific compound is treated with Benedict's reagent.
### Instructions:
Click the "draw structure" button to launch the drawing utility.
### Reaction Overview:
When the compound shown in the image is treated with Benedict's reagent, a specific product is formed.
### Chemical Equation and Structure:
The compound shown in the image is D-glucose.
#### Structure of Reactant (D-glucose):
```
CH2OH
|
C=O
|
H-C-OH
|
HO-C-H
|
H-C-OH
|
CH2OH
```
#### Reagent:
- Benedict's Reagent: Contains \( Cu^{2+} \) ions in an alkaline solution.
#### Reaction Mechanism:
When D-glucose is treated with Benedict's reagent, the aldehyde group (CHO) in D-glucose is oxidized to a carboxylic acid group (COOH), producing gluconic acid.
### Expected Product:
Structure of the product after reaction with Benedict's reagent:
```
CH2OH
|
C=O
|
H-C-OH
|
HO-C-H
|
H-C-OH
|
COOH
```
D-Gluconic acid is formed as the product of this reaction.
### Interactive Component:
To visualize and draw the oxidation product, please click the "draw structure" button below.
<button id="draw-structure">draw structure ... </button>
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