What complications emerge when a computer is limited to dealing with and storing just integers? There's an issue at hand. The question is, "What do we do?"

In a CPU, _______ arithmetic generally is easier to implement than _______ arithmetic because of a simpler data coding scheme and data manipulation circuitry.

(Practice) Although the total number of bytes varies from computer to computer, memory sizes of millions and billions of bytes are common. In computer language, the letter M representsthe number 1,048,576, which is 2 raised to the 20th power, and G represents 1,073,741,824, which is 2 raised to the 30th power. Therefore, a memory size of 4 MB is really 4 times 1,048,576 (4,194,304 bytes), and a memory size of 2 GB is really 2 times 1,073,741,824 (2,147,483,648 bytes). Using this information, calculate the actual number of bytes in the following: a. A memory containing 512 MB b. A memory consisting of 512 MB words, where each word consists of 2 bytes c. A memory consisting of 512 MB words, where each word consists of 4 bytes d. A thumb drive that specifies 2 GB e. A disk that specifies 4 GB f. A disk that specifies 8 GB

(Mechanics) The deflection at any point along the centerline of a cantilevered beam, such as the one used for a balcony (see Figure 5.15), when a load is distributed evenly along the beam is given by this formula: d=wx224EI(x2+6l24lx) d is the deflection at location x (ft). xisthedistancefromthesecuredend( ft).wistheweightplacedattheendofthebeam( lbs/ft).listhebeamlength( ft). Eisthemodulesofelasticity( lbs/f t 2 ).Iisthesecondmomentofinertia( f t 4 ). For the beam shown in Figure 5.15, the second moment of inertia is determined as follows: l=bh312 b is the beam’s base. h is the beam’s height. Using these formulas, write, compile, and run a C++ program that determines and displays a table of the deflection for a cantilevered pine beam at half-foot increments along its length, using the following data: w=200lbs/ftl=3ftE=187.2106lb/ft2b=.2fth=.3ft

Determine the value of each of the following expressions. (For decimal numbers, round your answer to two decimal places.) (1) abs(-18) fabs(20.5) fabs(-87.2) pow(4, 2.0) pow(8.4, 3.5) sqrt(7.84) sqrt (196.0) sqrt (38.44)* pow(2.4, 2) / fabs(-3.2) floor(27.37) ceil(19.2) floor(12.45) + ceil(6.7) floor (-8.9) + ceil (3.45) floor(9.6) / ceil(3.7) pow(-4.0, 6.0) pow(10, -2.0) pow(9.2, 1.0 / 2)

1. Mark the following statements as true or false. a. The calculating device called the Pascaline could calculate sums up to eight figures long. (1) b. All programs must be loaded into the CPU before they can be executed and all data must be loaded into main memory before it can be manipulated. (2) c. Main memory is an ordered sequence of cells and each cell has a random location in main memory. (2) d. The program that loads first when you turn on your computer is called the operating system. (2) e. Analog signals represent information with a sequence of 0s and 1s. (3) f. The machine language is a sequence of 0s and 1s. (3) g. A Binary code is a sequence of 0s and 1s. (3) h. A sequence of eight bits is called a byte. (3) i. One GB is MB. (3) j. In ASCII, A is the 65th character. (3) k. The number system used by a computer is base 2. (3) l. An assembler translates the assembly language instructions into machine language. (4) m. A compiler translates the source program into an object program. n. In a program, statements that begin with the symbol are called preprocessor directives (7) o. An object program is the machine language version of a high-level language program. (9) p. All logical errors, such as division by 0, are reported by the compiler. (9) q. In object-oriented design (OOD), a program is a collection of interacting objects. (10) r. An object consists of data and operations on that data. (10) s. ISO stands for International Organization for Standardization. (11)

_____ is a CPU design technique in which instruction execution is divided into multiple stages and different instructions can execute in different stages simultaneously.

(Practice) Show how the name KINGSLEY is stored in a computer that uses the ASCII code by drawing a diagram similar to Figure 2.7, shown previously.

(Computation) Among other applications, Pascal’s triangle (see Figure 7.22) provides a means of determining the number of possible combinations of n things taken r at a time. For example, the number of possible combinations of five people (n = 5) taken two at a time (r=2)is10. Each row of the triangle begins and ends with 1. Every other element in a row is the sum of the element directly above it with the element to the left of the one above it. That is, element[n][r]=element[n1][r]+element[n1][r1] Using this information, write and test a C++ program to create the first 11 rows of a twodimensional array representing Pascal’s triangle. For any given value of n less than 11 and r less than or equal to n, the program should display the correct element. Use your program to determine in how many ways a committee of 8 can be selected from a group of 10 people

If a microprocessor has a cycle time of 0.5 nanoseconds, what’s the processor clock rate? If the fetch cycle is 40% of the processor cycle time, what memory access speed is required to implement load operations with zero wait states and load operations with two wait states?