What best describes what the metal cation does when a strong base ionizes? It combines with the OH and reduces the pH. It is a necessary product affecting K. It may interfere with auto ionization of water, affecting pH. It has no effect on the pH.

What best describes what the metal cation does when a strong base ionizes? It combines with the OH and reduces the pH. It is a necessary product affecting K. It may interfere with auto ionization of water, affecting pH. It has no effect on the pH.

Chemistry for Today: General, Organic, and Biochemistry

9th Edition

ISBN:9781305960060

Author:Spencer L. Seager, Michael R. Slabaugh, Maren S. Hansen

Publisher:Spencer L. Seager, Michael R. Slabaugh, Maren S. Hansen

Chapter9: Acids, Bases, And Salts

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 9.107E

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In Arrhenius acidbase theory, what ion is responsible for the properties of a. acidic solutions b. basic solutions
A base is a substance that dissociates in water into one or more ______ ions and one or more ________. a.hydrogen . . . anions b.hydrogen . . . cations c.hydroxide . . . anions d.hydroxide . . . cations
Two strategies are also followed when solving for the pH of a base in water. What is the strategy for calculating the pH of a strong base in water? List the strong bases mentioned in the text that should be committed to memory. Why is calculating the pH of Ca(OH)2 solutions a little more difficult than calculating the pH of NaOH solutions? Most bases are weak bases. The presence of what element most commonly results in basic properties for an organic compound? What is present on this element in compounds that allows it to accept a proton? Table 13-3 and Appendix 5 of the text list Kb values for some weak bases. What strategy is used to solve for the pH of a weak base in water? What assumptions are made when solving for the pH of weak base solutions? If the 5% rule fails, how do you calculate the pH of a weak base in water?
What is a salt? List some anions that behave as weak bases in water. List some anions that have no basic properties in water. List some cations that behave as weak acids in water. List some cations that have no acidic properties in water. Using these lists, give some formulas for salts that have only weak base properties in water. What strategy would you use to solve for the pH of these basic salt solutions? Identify some salts that have only weak acid properties in water. What strategy would you use to solve for the pH of these acidic salt solutions? Identify some salts that have no acidic or basic properties in water (produce neutral solutions). When a salt contains both a weak acid ion and a weak base ion, how do you predict whether the solution pH is acidic, basic, or neutral?
Explain why the pH does not change significantly when a small amount of an acid or a base is added to a solution that contains equal amounts of the base NH3 and a salt of its conjugate acid NH4CI.
Strong Acids, Weak Acids, and pH Two 0.10-mol samples of the hypothetical monoprotic acids HA(aq) and HB(aq) are used to prepare 1.0-L stock solutions of each acid. a Write the chemical reactions for these acids in water. What are the concentrations of the two acid solutions? b One of these acids is a strong acid, and one is weak. What could you measure that would tell you which acid was strong and which was weak? c Say that the HA(aq) solution has a pH of 3.7. Is this the stronger of the two acids? How did you arrive at your answer? d What is the concentration of A(aq) in the HA solution described in part c? e If HB(aq) is a strong acid, what is the hydronium-ion concentration? f In the solution of HB(aq), which of the following would you expect to be in the greatest concentration: H3O+(aq), B(aq), HB(aq), or OH(aq)? How did you decide? g In the solution of HA(aq), which of the following would you expect to be in the greatest concentration: H3O+(aq), A+(aq), HA(aq), or OH(aq)? How did you decide? h Say you add 1.0 L of pure water to a solution of HB. Would this water addition make the solution more acidic, make it less acidic, or not change the acidity of the original solution? Be sure to fully justify your answer. i You prepare a 1.0-L solution of HA. You then take a 200-mL sample of this solution and place it into a separate container. Would this 200 mL sample be more acidic, be less acidic, or have the same acidity as the original 1.0-L solution of HA(aq)? Be sure to support your answer.
Explain why equilibrium arrows are used in the ionization equations for some acids.
What is meant by “pH”? True or false: A strong acid always has a lower pH than a weak acid does. Explain.
Equal molar quantities of ammonia and sodium dihydrogen phosphate (NaH2PO4) are mixed. (a) Write a balanced, net ionic equation for the acid-base reaction that can, in principle, occur. (b) Does the equilibrium lie to the right or left?
. What happens to the hydroxide ion concentration in aqueous solutions when we increase the hydrogen ion concentration by adding an acid? What happens to the hydrogen ion concentration in aqueous solutions when we increase the hydroxide ion concentration by adding a base? Explain.
. Write the formulas for three combinations of weak acid and salt that would act as buffered solutions. For each of your combinations, write chemical equations showing how the components of the buffered solution would consume added acid and base.
Use the same symbols as in Question 61 ( = anion, =OH) for the box below. (a) Fill in a similar box (representing one liter of the same solution) after 2 mol of H+ (2) have been added. Indicate whether the resulting solution is an acid, base, or buffer. (b) Follow the directions of part (a) for the resulting solution after 2 mol of OH- (2 ) have been added. (c) Follow the directions of part (a) for the resulting solution after 5 mol of OH- (5 ) have been added. (Hint: Write the equation for the reaction before you draw the results.)