Electron Affinity
When an element undergoes a chemical reaction, it either gains energy or loses energy. This gain or loss of energy is due to the phenomena that occur at atomic level. During reaction, atoms either gain electrons from other atoms or lose electrons to other atoms, and in that process, energy is produced.
P-Block Elements
Elements which are present on the right side of the periodic table are called p-block elements. In addition to the noble gases, they include the families of boron, mercury, nitrogen, oxygen and fluorine. These elements have diverse real-life implementations that we regularly experience around us.
Metals and Non-metals
The periodic table is composed of metals, semi-metals and nonmetal elements. The physical and chemical properties of metals and nonmetals differ from each other. The study of metals and nonmetals will help one to understand the appropriate application of the particular element.
![**Electron Configurations and the Corresponding Atoms**
*Question:*
What atoms have the configuration (a) \( 1s^2 2s^2 2p^5 \), (b) \( 1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 \), (c) \( 3s^2 3p^6 \)? Explain.
**Explanation:**
To determine which atoms have the given electron configurations, we can analyze the electron configuration step-by-step:
### a) \( 1s^2 2s^2 2p^5 \)
This configuration sums up to a total of:
- 2 electrons in \( 1s \) subshell
- 2 electrons in \( 2s \) subshell
- 5 electrons in \( 2p \) subshell
Summing these:
\[ 2 + 2 + 5 = 9 \]
This indicates 9 electrons, which corresponds to the element Fluorine (F) on the periodic table.
### b) \( 1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 \)
This configuration sums up to a total of:
- 2 electrons in \( 1s \) subshell
- 2 electrons in \( 2s \) subshell
- 6 electrons in \( 2p \) subshell
- 2 electrons in \( 3s \) subshell
Summing these:
\[ 2 + 2 + 6 + 2 = 12 \]
This indicates 12 electrons, corresponding to the element Magnesium (Mg).
### c) \( 3s^2 3p^6 \)
This configuration sums up to a total of:
- 2 electrons in \( 3s \) subshell
- 6 electrons in \( 3p \) subshell
Summing these:
\[ 2 + 6 = 8 \]
However, this must include the inner electrons as well (not given explicitly but understood). The total configuration for a complete shell up to \( 3p \) would actually start from 1s up:
\[ 1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^6 \]
Summing these:
\[ 2 + 2 + 6 +](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F093e7116-3e01-49ad-9157-7a22a5caeb16%2F28acdec8-3b2d-4d7f-ac15-9cf566637277%2Fnusb6l_processed.png&w=3840&q=75)
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