what are the three possible cases for power serics convergence?

Advanced Engineering Mathematics
10th Edition
ISBN:9780470458365
Author:Erwin Kreyszig
Publisher:Erwin Kreyszig
Chapter2: Second-order Linear Odes
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**Title: Understanding Power Series Convergence**

**Introduction:**

Power series play a crucial role in mathematical analysis and its applications. It's important to understand the different scenarios under which these series converge. Below, we explore the three possible cases for the convergence of a power series.

1. **Case One: Radius of Convergence is Zero**
   - In this scenario, the power series converges only at a single point, typically at \(x = a\), where \(a\) is the center of the series. For all other values of \(x\), the series diverges.

2. **Case Two: Infinite Radius of Convergence**
   - Here, the power series converges for all real numbers. This means no matter what value of \(x\) is chosen, the series will converge.

3. **Case Three: Finite Non-Zero Radius of Convergence**
   - In this case, the series converges for all \(x\) within a certain distance from the center, defined by the radius of convergence \(R\). The series may converge or diverge at the endpoints, which must be checked separately.

Understanding these convergence cases helps in determining where a power series accurately represents a function.
Transcribed Image Text:**Title: Understanding Power Series Convergence** **Introduction:** Power series play a crucial role in mathematical analysis and its applications. It's important to understand the different scenarios under which these series converge. Below, we explore the three possible cases for the convergence of a power series. 1. **Case One: Radius of Convergence is Zero** - In this scenario, the power series converges only at a single point, typically at \(x = a\), where \(a\) is the center of the series. For all other values of \(x\), the series diverges. 2. **Case Two: Infinite Radius of Convergence** - Here, the power series converges for all real numbers. This means no matter what value of \(x\) is chosen, the series will converge. 3. **Case Three: Finite Non-Zero Radius of Convergence** - In this case, the series converges for all \(x\) within a certain distance from the center, defined by the radius of convergence \(R\). The series may converge or diverge at the endpoints, which must be checked separately. Understanding these convergence cases helps in determining where a power series accurately represents a function.
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