What are the target tissues of thyroid hormones? By whatmechanism do thyroid hormones alter the activities oftheir target tissues? What effects are produced?
What are the target tissues of thyroid hormones? By what
mechanism do thyroid hormones alter the activities of
their target tissues? What effects are produced?
The hormones secreted from the gland lying lateral to the trachea's upper portion called the thyroid gland, which are transported in combination with the blood's plasma proteins, are called thyroid hormones. T3 (triiodothyronine) and T4 (tetraiodothyronine) hormones are secreted from the thyroid gland's follicular cells, while parafollicular cells secrete calcitonin.
Thyroid gland's target tissue- Nearly every body tissue is the target cell for the thyroid hormones. These hormones function to affect the metabolism in some tissues while affecting maturation and growth in other body tissues.
Thyroid hormones activity mechanism- T3 and T4 are functions to bind to the target cell's intracellular receptors because of their lipid-soluble nature. Binding of the hormone and receptor function to activate various activities in the target tissue.
Effects:
- Thyroid hormones determine the metabolism rate of proteins, lipids and glucose.
- They function to increase sodium-potassium pumps activity.
- These hormones alter the mitochondria's numbers and activity to increase ATP production and heat generation.
- They function to regulate the organ's maturation and the body's normal growth.
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