What are the names of the two approaches to research?

Sociology is an independent discipline that uses scientific methods and statistical tools to carry the research. The research is primarily formulated by selecting the research area and choosing an appropriate design. in the latter part, the data is collected from the respondents, and conclusions are after making the validity and reliability tests to test the data's authenticity. The findings are formulated to a theory to be shared in the academic realm.

The two main basic approaches to the research are the inductive and the deductive approach.

Inductive approach: in this type of approach, the researcher will start the research by collecting the data that is required for the research topic or question. After collecting the data, the researcher will take the position of birds-eye view of the data collected. in this stage, the researcher will try to look at the data patterns. He/she tries to develop the theory in order to look at those patterns. In the deductive approach, the researcher moves from the data collection to the analysis of the data. In the later stage, he will develop the theory from the data after the analysis. This approach is considered the scientific approach because most scientific approaches use this to carry out their research.

Deductive approach: this approach is the reverse of the inductive approach, where the steps will include the reverse of the inductive approach. In this type, the researcher will start with the social there and test its implication with the data collected. This type of researches will move from the general level of the theoretical formulations to the particularistic or specific level. The researcher primarily studies the existing theories and formulates the hypothesis. Then the researcher will test the hypothesis from the theories in the field of the research. There are very few researches that will follow the deductive approach of research.