Oogenesis
The formation of the ovum (mature female gamete) from undifferentiated germ cells is called oogenesis. This process takes place in the ovaries (female gonads). Oogenesis consists of three stages known as the multiplication phase, growth phase, and maturation phase.
Cell Division
Cell division involves the formation of new daughter cells from the parent cells. It is a part of the cell cycle that takes place in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms. Cell division is required for three main reasons:
What are the key differences in anaphase when comparing mitosis,
meiosis I, and meiosis II?
Introduction
All cells with some exceptions undergo cell division in order to multiply. During cell division. cell undergo various morphological changes along with it there is change in cellular components such as genetic content, proteins, cell organelles etc.
A normal cell can divide by two process one is Mitotic cell division while the second one known as Meiosis.
Mitosis: this is also called equational division because the daughter cells produced by this type of cell division have the same ploidy level as the mother cell. Mitosis produces two daughter cells. And the ploidy of daughter cells remains same as that of parent cell.
Meiosis: this is also referred as reductional division as the daughter cells produced by meiosis have half the ploidy as that of mother cell. Meiosis cell division produces the four daughter cells. For example, if any (2n) cell undergoes meiosis and produced four daughter cells then each daughter cell would have (n) ploidy level.
Stages of Mitosis: All these phases are morphologically different and these morphological changes can be observed under microscope.
- Prophase
- Metaphase
- Anaphase
- Telophase
While in meiosis there are two subparts such as Meiosis I and Meiosis II.
In the anaphase of mitosis: sister chromatids start separating and chromosomes starts moving toward periphery of the cell, cytoplasmic furrow starts forming.
Whereas in Anaphase of meiosis I there is separation of homologous chromosomes, in this two homologous pairs of chromosome starts separating and moving to the poles/periphery of the cell. This occurs by the depolymerization of spindle fibre protein due to this they become shortened and chromosomes are pulled to the periphery.
In anaphase of meiosis II, there is also separation of sister chromatids as it takes place in Mitosis.
Following Figure representing the anaphase stage in Mitosis, meiosis I and meiosis II:
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