Hello, this question came in an exam and I don't know where the answer ends. It's not reasonable to write all this. What are proteins and what do they do?Proteins are large, complex molecules that play many critical roles in thebody. They do most of the work in cells and are required for the structure,function, and regulation of the body's tissues and organs.Proteins are made up of hundreds or thousands of smaller units calledamino acids, which are attached to one another in long chains. There are20 different types of amino acids that can be combined to make a protein.The sequence of amino acids determines each protein's unique 3-dimensional structure and its specific function. Amino acids are coded bycombinations of three DNA building blocks (nucleotides), determined bythe sequence of genes.Proteins are large biomolecules, or macromolecules, consisting of one ormore long chains of amino acid residues. Proteins differ from one anotherin their sequence of amino acids. A linear chain of amino acid residues iscalled a polypeptide. A protein contains at least one long polypeptide.Short polypeptides, containing less than 20-30 residues, are commonlycalled peptides, or oligopeptides. The individual amino acid residues arebonded together by peptide bonds. The sequence of amino acid residues ina protein is defined by the sequence of a gene, which is encoded in thegenetic code. In general, the genetic code specifies 20 standard aminoacids.Many proteins are enzymes that catalyze biochemical reactions. Proteinsalso have structural or mechanical functions, such as actin and myosin inmuscle and the proteins in the cytoskeleton. Other proteins are importantin cell signaling, immune responses, cell adhesion, and the cell cycle.BiochemistryLecture No: 3Proteins are polymers of amino acid molecules which are bonded with eachother through peptide bond. Amino acids are organic compoundscontaining amine (-NH2) and carboxyl (-COOH) and a side-chain (Rgroup) specific to each amino acid (Figure 3.1).HHRFigure 3.1: The structure of an amino acid.The peptide (amide) bond is formed when the carboxyl group of one aminoacid molecule reacts with the amino group of the other amino acidmolecule, causing the release of a molecule of water (H2O). The end withfree amino group is known as the N-terminus or amino terminus, whereasthe end of the protein with a free carboxyl group is known as the C-

One of the many intricate molecules your body uses for various functions is the protein. Bones,…

Answered: What are proteins and what do they do?

What are proteins and what do they do?

9th Edition

ISBN:9781319114671

Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Publisher:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Chapter1: Biochemistry: An Evolving Science

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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