What are externalities? How do they create a less than optional level of production in society? Given an example of each type of externality. Compare the different actions a government could take if it wanted to reduce each type of externalities?

Essentials of Economics (MindTap Course List)
8th Edition
ISBN:9781337091992
Author:N. Gregory Mankiw
Publisher:N. Gregory Mankiw
Chapter10: Externalities
Section10.1: Externalities And Market Inefficiency
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What are externalities? How do they create a less than optional level of production in society? Given an example of each type of externality. Compare the different actions a government could take if it wanted to reduce each type of externalities? 

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