What are all the topological sorts for the dependency graphof Fig. 5.7? ### Transcription of Figure 5.7: Dependency Graph for the Annotated Parse Tree of Fig. 5.5---#### Explanation:The figure depicts a dependency graph that illustrates the relationships between various attributes in an annotated parse tree. This graph is essential for understanding how different values and computations are propagated throughout the tree structure in parsing tasks.#### Graph Elements:- **Nodes**: Each node in the graph is labeled with a number representing a specific position in the parse tree, along with an attribute or operation occurring at that node: - Node 1: `digit` with attribute `lexval` - Node 2: `digit` with attribute `lexval` - Nodes 3, 5, 8: Attributes such as `val` (for values), `inh`, or `syn` for inheritance, and synthesis properties. - Nodes 6, 7: A node annotated with `T'` possessing inherited (`inh`) or synthesized (`syn`) attributes.- **Edges**: - Directional edges connect nodes to signify the flow of attribute dependency. Solid lines indicate direct dependencies, while dashed lines reflect indirect or more complex attribute interactions, essential for determining the final parsed structure. - Specific example: Node 1 leads to Node 3 with `val`, showing how the lexical value (`lexval`) of a digit contributes to the overall value at that parse tree level. - Another example is the connection from Node 5 labeled `inh` to Nodes 6 and 9, showing inherited attributes that influence subsequent computations.- **Operations**: - An asterisk (*) indicates operations performed at various nodes where multiple values or attributes converge. - If shown, epsilon (ε) often represents an empty production or transition, critical in understanding optional components in parsing.#### Educational Context:This dependency graph helps in comprehending attribute grammar, which is pivotal in compiler design and syntax-directed translation. It provides insight into how syntax and semantics are interwoven and processed in programming language compilers. Understanding these relationships improves the grasp of computational linguistics and automatic language processing.

It is a linear ordering of its vertices such that for every directed edge MN for vertex M to N, M…

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What are all the topological sorts for the dependency graph of Fig. 5.7?

Database System Concepts

7th Edition

ISBN:9780078022159

Author:Abraham Silberschatz Professor, Henry F. Korth, S. Sudarshan

Publisher:Abraham Silberschatz Professor, Henry F. Korth, S. Sudarshan

Chapter1: Introduction

Section: Chapter Questions

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Question

What are all the topological sorts for the dependency graph
of Fig. 5.7?

### Transcription of Figure 5.7: Dependency Graph for the Annotated Parse Tree of Fig. 5.5

---

#### Explanation:

The figure depicts a dependency graph that illustrates the relationships between various attributes in an annotated parse tree. This graph is essential for understanding how different values and computations are propagated throughout the tree structure in parsing tasks.

#### Graph Elements:

- **Nodes**: Each node in the graph is labeled with a number representing a specific position in the parse tree, along with an attribute or operation occurring at that node:
- Node 1: `digit` with attribute `lexval`
- Node 2: `digit` with attribute `lexval`
- Nodes 3, 5, 8: Attributes such as `val` (for values), `inh`, or `syn` for inheritance, and synthesis properties.
- Nodes 6, 7: A node annotated with `T'` possessing inherited (`inh`) or synthesized (`syn`) attributes.

- **Edges**:
- Directional edges connect nodes to signify the flow of attribute dependency. Solid lines indicate direct dependencies, while dashed lines reflect indirect or more complex attribute interactions, essential for determining the final parsed structure.
- Specific example: Node 1 leads to Node 3 with `val`, showing how the lexical value (`lexval`) of a digit contributes to the overall value at that parse tree level.
- Another example is the connection from Node 5 labeled `inh` to Nodes 6 and 9, showing inherited attributes that influence subsequent computations.

- **Operations**:
- An asterisk (*) indicates operations performed at various nodes where multiple values or attributes converge.
- If shown, epsilon (ε) often represents an empty production or transition, critical in understanding optional components in parsing.

#### Educational Context:

This dependency graph helps in comprehending attribute grammar, which is pivotal in compiler design and syntax-directed translation. It provides insight into how syntax and semantics are interwoven and processed in programming language compilers. Understanding these relationships improves the grasp of computational linguistics and automatic language processing.

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