We should think of S as containing all the points OI S anu all puts as limits of convergent sequences of points of S. A slightly different formulation of th notion is given in Exercise 8. an be obtaine EXERCISES 2.2 1. Which of the following subsets of R" is open? closed? neither? Prove your answer. (a) x : 0x < 2} C R (b) {x x 2- for some keN or x= 0} C R (g) : y=xCR : X = y (h) x: 0 x |1}C R" (i) x x 1} C R" j x |x 1} C R" (k) the set of rational numbers, Q CR X (c) C R2 y X (d) y 2 у CR2 1 (1) X: ||X||<1 or X CR2 X (e) : у>х У C R2 (m) (the empty set) X (f) : ху 2 У CR2 2. Let {x} be a sequence of points in R". For i = 1, .. . , n, 1let xi denote the ith coordinate of the vector Xk. Prove that xk a if and only if xk,iai for all i = 1, .. . , n. 3. Suppose {x} is a sequence of points (vectors) in R" converging to a. (a) Prove that |Xk |l a . (Hint: See Exercise 1 17.)

Q: 4. 10p-p-2

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A:

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Counting Principles

In statistics, the counting principle can be said to be the concept in which the quantity of an item is determined. There can be a single item, or a group of items, or items that are related to each other. In every possible set of items, the quantity of the possible item groups or their sorting measures can be determined with counting principles.