We say that genes that are close together on the same chromosome are linked. What does that mean? Imag- ine that in a diploid nucleus, one chromosome has the allele R and right next to it on the same chromosome is the allele T for a different gene. Are these linked? Imag- ine that r is right next to t on the homologous chro- mosome. If this cell never undergoes meiosis, does this matter at all? If it does undergo meiosis, what are the two genotypes that the gametes are most likely to have? Look at Figure 16-17 for help if you need it. S S S or y Gametes Gametes (A) F, gametes 4 sY 4 sy V4 SY 4 Sy SSYY SsYy SSYY SSYY 4 SY 46 46 V46 46 SSyy SsYy Ssyy SSYY V4 Sy 46 16 16 46 SSYY ssYy Ss YY SsYy V4 SY 46 46 46 46 Ss Yy Ssyy ssYy ssyy VA sy 46 46 (B) FIGURE 16-17 (A) During anaphase I, chromosomes move independently of each other, so one pole receives S and the other receives s; likewise, one gets Y and the other y. But in about half the cells, both S and Y move to the same spindle pole by chance, whereas in other dividing cells, one spindle pole receives S and y, again by chance. (B) A Punnett square for a dihybrid cross is set up just like one for a monohybrid cross; establish the types and relative abundance of gametes, and then fill in the squares. The table looks a little formidable, but it really consists of two 3:1 ratios intermingled. F, gametes

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)

11th Edition

ISBN:9780134580999

Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn

Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn

Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...

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In Question 23, if one chromosome has R and T and the homologous chromosome also has R and T, does linkage matter? What is the single type of genotype that this plant can produce in its gametes?

We say that genes that are close together on the same
chromosome are linked. What does that mean? Imag-
ine that in a diploid nucleus, one chromosome has the
allele R and right next to it on the same chromosome is
the allele T for a different gene. Are these linked? Imag-
ine that r is right next to t on the homologous chro-
mosome. If this cell never undergoes meiosis, does this
matter at all? If it does undergo meiosis, what are the
two genotypes that the gametes are most likely to have?
Look at Figure 16-17 for help if you need it.

S
S
S
or
y
Gametes
Gametes
(A)
F, gametes
4 sY
4 sy
V4 SY
4 Sy
SSYY
SsYy
SSYY
SSYY
4 SY
46
46
V46
46
SSyy
SsYy
Ssyy
SSYY
V4 Sy
46
16
16
46
SSYY
ssYy
Ss YY
SsYy
V4 SY
46
46
46
46
Ss Yy
Ssyy
ssYy
ssyy
VA sy
46
46
(B)
FIGURE 16-17 (A) During anaphase I, chromosomes move independently of
each other, so one pole receives S and the other receives s; likewise, one gets Y and
the other y. But in about half the cells, both S and Y move to the same spindle pole
by chance, whereas in other dividing cells, one spindle pole receives S and y, again
by chance. (B) A Punnett square for a dihybrid cross is set up just like one for a
monohybrid cross; establish the types and relative abundance of gametes, and then
fill in the squares. The table looks a little formidable, but it really consists of two
3:1 ratios intermingled.
F, gametes

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Genetics is the study of genes, their interactions, and the effect of environment on genes. Broadly it studies heredity and evolution at a genetic level. It is a very vast field that gives information on how traits are passed on from parent to offspring.

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