We have shown that in the case of complex conjugate roots,r =a±ib,b̸=0, of the indicial equation, the general solution to the Cauchy-Euler equation y′′+a1y′+a2y =0, x > 0 is y(x)=xa[c1 cos(b ln x)+c2 sin(b ln x)]. .........................(8.8.26) Q. Show that (8.8.26) can be written in the form y(x)= Axa cos(b ln x −φ) for appropriate constants A and φ.

Q: Find indicial equation at each regular singular point of 2.x (1+x) y" + (3+ x) y' – xy = 0.

A: The given equation can be written as:

Q: Find az/ax and dz/dy. xyz + cos(xy) - 2y sin(x) + z² = 3 Find az/ax and dz/dy. exz ZX y

A:

Q: Q.1) The general solution of the equation e' cos , is:

A:

Roots

The main dissimilarity between real and complex roots is that the real roots are obtained as real numbers, in contrast with the complex roots, which are indicated as imaginary numbers. The standard format for depicting any complex number is in the form of a + bi.