Water at 4°C flows at the rate of 3.5 cms (m3/s) through a corrugated metal pipe (CMP). If the diameter of the pipe is 2.25 m, determine the friction factor and flow type (i.e., laminar, critical zone, turbulent—transitional zone, turbulent—smooth pipe, or turbulent—rough pipe).The answer is f= 0.049; turbulent – rough pipe (need help getting there)

Refer to Figure 7.24. The following data were collected during the field permeability measurement of a confined aquifer using a pumping test. Determine the hydraulic conductivity of the permeable layer. Use Eq. (7.49). Thickness of the aquifer, H = 4.5 m Piezometric level and radial distance of the first observation well: h1 = 2.9 m; r1 = 17.8 m Piezometric level and radial distance of the second observation well: h2 = 1.8 m; r2 = 8.1 m Rate of discharge from pumping, q = 0.5 m3/min

A sand has Gs = 2.66. Calculate the hydraulic gradient that will cause boiling for e = 0.35, 0.45, 0.55, 0.7, and 0.8.

Why is it so difficult to process MSW?