Warm air is contained in a piston-cylinder assembly oriented horizontally. The air cools slowly from an initial volume of 0.003 m 3 to a final volume of 0.002 m 3 . During the process, the spring exerts a force that varies linearly from an initial value of 900 N to a final value of zero. The atmospheric pressure is 100 kPa, and the area of the piston face is 0.018 m 2 . Friction between the piston and the cylinder wall can be neglected. For the air in the piston-cylinder assembly, determine the initial and final pressures, each in kPa and atm.

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Work and Heat Transfer

It is generally related to thermal engineering which tells about the use, creation, conversion and transfer of heat energy between the systems. It is also considered that to transfer heat from one source to another, transfer of masses is also required. There are various mechanisms by which, transfer of heat takes place i.e. thermal conduction, convection, radiation or by change of phase. All these mechanisms have their own specific features which sometimes occur simultaneously within the same system.