Please help, the wording is really confusing. thanks The graph below shows the maximum number of bacterial cells that cangrow in a constant volume of rich growth medium containing varyingconcentrations of sugar. Which of the following statements provides themost likely explanation for the trend shown in the graph?Total growth, cells per ml x 10¹01.51.00.5-L2Sugar concentration, mg/ml4Click here for long descriptionA. Sugar has a inhibitory effect on rates of metabolic processes.LighOB. The number of metabolic enzymes induced in a bacteriumdepends on the amount of sugar in the environment.OC. Bacteria synthesize proteins at a rate that depends on the amountof carbon in their environment.SummaD. Sugar availability limits growth, because sugar supplies thebacterium's free energy.gy.

Bacterial growth is the term used to describe the gradual rise in the quantity of bacterial cells,…

W The graph below shows the maximum number of bacterial cells that can grow in a constant volume of rich growth medium containing varying concentrations of sugar. Which of the following statements provides the most likely explanation for the trend shown in the graph? Total growth, cells per ml x 10⁰⁰ 1.5 1.0 0.5 2 Sugar concentration, mg/ml Click here for long description 6 A. Sugar has a inhibitory effect on rates of metabolic processes. OB. The number of metabolic enzymes induced in a bacterium depends on the amount of sugar in the environment.

W The graph below shows the maximum number of bacterial cells that can grow in a constant volume of rich growth medium containing varying concentrations of sugar. Which of the following statements provides the most likely explanation for the trend shown in the graph? Total growth, cells per ml x 10⁰⁰ 1.5 1.0 0.5 2 Sugar concentration, mg/ml Click here for long description 6 A. Sugar has a inhibitory effect on rates of metabolic processes. OB. The number of metabolic enzymes induced in a bacterium depends on the amount of sugar in the environment.

Aquaculture Science

3rd Edition

ISBN:9781133558347

Author:Parker

Publisher:Parker

Chapter2: Aquatic Plants And Animals

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 2KA

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Show the calculations required to make up 250mlof a stock solution of this chemical that will then be at the working concentration when 1 volume of this solution is added to 10 volumes of cell culture medium.
Yeast cells has been cultured on glucose (Table 1). The growth data follows the Monod Equation Table 1: Growth data for yeast cells Glucose concentration (mg/L) 7 10 15 40 200 1000 Specific growth rate (h*¹) 0.066 0.088 0.12 0.294 0.330 0.364 0.419 0.451 0.2 0.304 0.340 0.458 Observed yield, Y'x/s (g/g) a) Calculate the maximum specific growth rate (max) and the substrate constant (Ks) b) Estimate the true yield Y'x/s and the maintainance coefficient ms c) Calculate the doubling time at a concentration of 15 mg/L glucose d) Calculate the substrate consumption rate (rs) assuming a substrate concentration of 40 mg/L and a biomass concentration of 100 mg/L
Yeast cells grew from 19 to 54 kg dry cells m-3 in 7 hours. During this period 81 g of glycerol was consumed per 1L of the fermentation broth. Determine the average specific growth rate and the cell yield with respect to glycerol.
The following four chemicals commonly found in defined growth media contain all of the necessary atomic macronutrients, namely C, O, N, H, S and P, which microbes require: glucose (C6H12O6), K2HPO4, MgSO4.7H2O, and (NH4)HPO4. Part a. Create a simple diagram to map which growth media chemical contributes atoms to which of the four biological macromolecules (amino acids, polysaccharides, lipids, and ribonucleic acids). Part b. Consider a cell culture broth that originally (before inoculation with cells) contains 5.0 gr/L glucose (C6H12O6), 1.2 gr/L K2HPO4, 0.3 gr/L MgSO4∙7H2O, and 1.0 gr/L (NH4)HPO4. Create a table showing how much of each of the different atoms (C, H, O, K, P, Mg, S, N) are available for incorporation into cell macromolecules (assume 50% of the glucose is catabolized, while the remainder goes for energy (respiration). Express your answers with units of grams of atomic species / liter of culture broth.
l l l l M cell structure Cin chemostat is fed with sugar The growth rate follows the process equation VscS+C2C + Vp VPC о where P is the useful product The rate law followed is as determined experimentally rg = kg [C] [S] 1. (S) Orite down the mass balances for S, C, P and I, assuming feed contains ody the substrate of concentration [5]b] Solve them for [S], [C] and [P],
Example 14.6 The oxygen requirement for cell growth in glueose can be represented by the following equation (Mateles, 1971) 32NC+8(Nh2)+16(No2) Fx/sM +yo2 – 2.67yc + 1.714YN2 – 8y H2 ro2 = In which ro2 is the oxygen required for each gram of cells produced, N stands for no. of atoms present in each molecule substrate, y stands for mass fractions and M is the MW of the substrate. The yeast cell may be considered to be CH1.800.5NO.2. Calculate rO2 if the yield factor (Yx/s) is 0.46g of cells produced for each gram of substrate consumed.
L-lysine is being produced by Corynebacterium glutamicum in a bioreactor using glucose as thecarbon source, ammonia as the nitrogen source. The bacteria grow aerobically in a continuous process atsteady-state. All streams of this process are aqueous. In the inlet stream, 8 grams of glucose is included per100 grams of stream liquid, which flows at a rate of 500 kg/h. The flow rate of glucose in the outlet steamis 1 kg/h. The reaction occurs at 25 °C. What is the mole percentage of glucose that was consumed during cell growth inside thebioreactor?
It is required to recover active extracellular enzymes from a completed fermentation mediumthat also consists of proteins (<200,000 molecular weight cut-off (MWCO)) and bacterial cells (1-2μm). A cross-flow 0.35 μm microfiltration (MF) with retentate recycled back to the fermenter willbe used over a period of 5 hours during which time flux is assumed to decline linearly. After 5 hours, assuming 95% of the bacteria are retained and given the additionalinformation below, what is the concertation of bacteria remaining in the fermenter and what area,in m2 , of MF membrane is needed? Initial bacterial concentration = 1.2 gdcw /L (dcw = dry cell weight)Volume of medium at the beginning = 15 m3Volume of medium left in the fermenter after 5 hours filtering = 1 m3Initial (starting flux) = 6.5 x 10-5 m sec -1Final flux (after 5 hours of filtering) = 3.9 x 10-5 m sec -
Under certain conditions, E. coli cells grow from a concentration of 0.1 to 0.5 kg/m 3 in 1 hour. a) Assuming that growth is exponential in this period, what is the specific growth rate of these cells (per hour)? For the above data (growth of E. coli cells), how many hours would it take to grow cells from 0.1 to 1.0 kg/m3? Assume exponential growth during this period.
Anaerobic production of ethanol by Saccharomyces cerevisiae is associated with yeast growth. The steady-state growth kinetics of yeast follows Monod. It is intended to produce 10 kg/h of ethanol in an ideal CSRT-type fermenter, fed by a solution of 50 g/L of glucose. Size the fermenter for this purpose (calculate its working volume), setting the biomass concentration at the exit of the fermenter at 6.9 g/L.Note: CSTR = Continuous Stirred Tank ReactorData: μmax = 0.1 h-1; Ks = 0.5 g/L; YX/S = 0.15; YP/S = 0.45.(answer: V = 5435 L)
Anaerobic production of ethanol by Saccharomyces cerevisiae is associated with yeast growth. The steady-state growth kinetics of yeast follows Monod. It is intended to produce 10 kg/h of ethanol in an ideal CSRT-type fermenter, fed by a solution of 50 g/L of glucose. Size the fermenter for this purpose (calculate its working volume), setting the biomass concentration at the exit of the fermenter at 6.9 g/L.
5.15. The following data were obtained when glucose (C6H₁2O6) was added to a batch culture of microorganisms. Determine the reaction order for the disappearance of glucose. TIME. min 0 10 20 30 40 50 CONCENTRATION, g/m³ Glucose Cells 100 67 50 40 33 29 1500 1516 1525 1530 1534 1535