Serial dilution is a method used to decrease the concentration of a sample sequentially . During microbiology studies, this is an effective technique still used till date that enables us to determine the bacterial count in a stock solution of very high concentration. After each dilution the concentration of bacterial cells in the new solution decreases. We plate a small volume from this diluted solution to a culture medium and count the bacterial colonies . By counting the number of colonies, we will be able to estimate the concentration of bacterial cells in the initial stock solution.
During each step of dilution , we take a specific volume of solution from the stock solution and add it with a specific volume of a diluent in the second test tube
This process of dilution is continued to 3rd, 4th, 5th test tubes and so on. If the dilution of second test tube is 10-2 and we repeat the same procedure of dilution to third test tube. The dilution of third test tube=10-2 x 10-2=10-4. Dilution follows a multiplicative scale.
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