Vol NaOH added Hd
Optimization
Optimization comes from the same root as "optimal". "Optimal" means the highest. When you do the optimization process, that is when you are "making it best" to maximize everything and to achieve optimal results, a set of parameters is the base for the selection of the best element for a given system.
Integration
Integration means to sum the things. In mathematics, it is the branch of Calculus which is used to find the area under the curve. The operation subtraction is the inverse of addition, division is the inverse of multiplication. In the same way, integration and differentiation are inverse operators. Differential equations give a relation between a function and its derivative.
Application of Integration
In mathematics, the process of integration is used to compute complex area related problems. With the application of integration, solving area related problems, whether they are a curve, or a curve between lines, can be done easily.
Volume
In mathematics, we describe the term volume as a quantity that can express the total space that an object occupies at any point in time. Usually, volumes can only be calculated for 3-dimensional objects. By 3-dimensional or 3D objects, we mean objects that have length, breadth, and height (or depth).
Area
Area refers to the amount of space a figure encloses and the number of square units that cover a shape. It is two-dimensional and is measured in square units.
When a diprotic acid, H2A, is titrated with NaOH, the protons on the diprotic acid are generally removed one at a time, resulting in a pH curve that has the following generic shape:
a.Notice that the plot has essentially two titration curves. If the first equivalence point occurs at 100.0 mL NaOH added, what volume of NaOH added corresponds to the second equivalence point?
b.For the following volumes of NaOH added, list the major species present after the OH- reacts completely.
i.0 mL NaOH added
ii.between 0 and 100.0 mL NaOH added
iii.100.0 mL NaOH added
iv.between 100.0 and 200.0 mL NaOH added
v.200.0 mL NaOH added
vi. after 200.0 mL NaOH added
If the pH at 50.0 mL NaOH added is 4.0, and the pH at 150.0 mL NaOH added is 8.0, determine the values Ka1 and Ka2 for the diprotic acid.
Trending now
This is a popular solution!
Step by step
Solved in 4 steps with 3 images
