Visualize that two tributaries A and B at their confluence form a river C. Statistical properties of flow data for tributaries A and B indicate that tributary A has a yearly discharge rate smaller than its mean flow rate (QA) in 50% of the years while tributary B has a yearly discharge rate smaller than its mean flow rate (QB) in 60% of the time. In 70% of the years in which tributary A has a discharge rate smaller than its mean discharge rate (Qa), tributary B also has a discharge rate smaller than its mean discharge rate (QB). Compute the probability that (i) both tributaries have a discharge rate smaller than their mean discharge rates, (ii) at least one tributary has a discharge rate smaller than its mean discharge rate, (iii) tributary A has a discharge rate smaller than its mean discharge rate given that tributary B has a discharge rate smaller than its mean discharge rate, (iv) at least one tributary has discharge rate higher than its mean discharge rate, and (v) probability of no shortage of discharge rate in River C if no shortage of discharge rate occurs when both tributaries (A and B) have discharge rates higher than their respective mean discharge rates. (e)
Reservoir and Streamflow Routing
In hydrology, a reservoir is usually a natural pond that is enlarged or made using a dam to keep the water clean. Reservoirs or dams can be constructed in several ways, including controlling the existing watercourse, disrupting the watercourse to form embayment within it, by digging or building any number of retaining walls.
Water Resource Systems Analysis
Water resources are natural water sources that may be as useful as water sources. 97% of the world's water is saltwater and only 3% is pure water; just over two-thirds of this ice sheet is located in glaciers. The remaining pure frozen water is found primarily as groundwater, with only a small fraction present above the ground or in the air. Natural sources of freshwater include surface water, under river flow, groundwater, and ice water. Artificial water sources can include treated wastewater (recycled water) and saline seawater.
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