Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...
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Question
Transcribed Image Text:**Analysis of Viral Characteristics**
In a recent experiment, you have successfully isolated a virus. Below are the observations and characteristics you have determined:
**Experimental Observations:**
1. **Physical Nature of the Virion:**
- The virus has a particle size of approximately 100 nm.
- Its shape indicates the presence of an envelope with projections.
2. **Chemical Analysis:**
- When treated with RNase, the virus is resistant.
- It is digested by DNase.
3. **Genome Characterization:**
- The isolated RNA cannot be translated using normal translation reagents and ribosomes.
- RNA synthesis is possible when using NTP precursors, but only in the presence of specific synthases.
4. **Viral Replication Analysis:**
- Attachment, penetration, and replication occur in HeLa (human) cells.
- No penetration or replication is observed in monkey cells.
- No replication occurs in rat cells.
**Questions for Further Consideration:**
A. What effect would a lipid-soluble attachment, penetration, and replication inhibitor have on the infectivity of the virus?
B. How would you classify this virus?
C. What is the host specificity of the virus?
D. Based on the data, which of the following statements is true?
i. MGV spreads via direct contact.
ii. MGV spreads via food and water.
iii. Both i and ii are correct.
iv. The data provided is not sufficient to determine the mode of spread.
**Note:**
The diagram on the left seems to contain illustrative bars that do not provide additional specific information relevant to the text.
Expert Solution
Step 1
Viruses are simple, noncellular entities consisting of one or more molecules of either DNA or RNA enclosed in a coat of protein. They can reproduce only within living cells and are obligate intracellular parasites. A fully assembled infectious virus is called a virion. The main function of the virion is to deliver its DNA or RNA genome into the host cell so that the genome can be expressed (transcribed and translated) by the host cell.
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