V Figure 4.5 Four ways that carbon skeletons can vary. (a) Length H H HH H H- -H Ethane Propane Carbon skeletons vary In length. ы вranching H -- HHHH H H HAA H HA 2-Methylpropane (commonly called isobutane) Butane Skeletons may be unbranched or branched. () Double bond position HHHH 1-Butene 2-Butene The skeleton may have double bonds, which can vary in location. (d) Presence of rings H. H" H- Cycdohexane Benzene Some carbon skeletons are arranged in rings. In the abbreviated structural formula for each compound to its right), each comer represents a carbon and its attached hydrogers. V Figure 4.7 Three types of isomers. Isomers are compounds that have the same molecular formula but different structures. (a) Structural Isomers H-CH HH H H H H H H HH H H H H H H H 2-Methylbutane Structural isomers differ in covalent partners, as shown In ths Pentane example of two isomers of C,H2. (b) Cis-trans Isomers H C=C H cis isomer. The two Xs are on trans Isomer: The two Xs are the same side. on opposite sides. Cs-trans isomers differ in arrangement about a double bond. In these diagrams, X represents an atom or group of atoms attached to a double bonded carbon.
V Figure 4.5 Four ways that carbon skeletons can vary. (a) Length H H HH H H- -H Ethane Propane Carbon skeletons vary In length. ы вranching H -- HHHH H H HAA H HA 2-Methylpropane (commonly called isobutane) Butane Skeletons may be unbranched or branched. () Double bond position HHHH 1-Butene 2-Butene The skeleton may have double bonds, which can vary in location. (d) Presence of rings H. H" H- Cycdohexane Benzene Some carbon skeletons are arranged in rings. In the abbreviated structural formula for each compound to its right), each comer represents a carbon and its attached hydrogers. V Figure 4.7 Three types of isomers. Isomers are compounds that have the same molecular formula but different structures. (a) Structural Isomers H-CH HH H H H H H H HH H H H H H H H 2-Methylbutane Structural isomers differ in covalent partners, as shown In ths Pentane example of two isomers of C,H2. (b) Cis-trans Isomers H C=C H cis isomer. The two Xs are on trans Isomer: The two Xs are the same side. on opposite sides. Cs-trans isomers differ in arrangement about a double bond. In these diagrams, X represents an atom or group of atoms attached to a double bonded carbon.
Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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Question
See Figures 4.5a and 4.7. Can propane (C3H8) form isomers? Explain.
Transcribed Image Text:V Figure 4.5 Four ways that carbon skeletons can vary.
(a) Length
H H
HH H
H-
-H
Ethane
Propane
Carbon skeletons vary In length.
ы вranching
H
--
HHHH
H
H
HAA
H HA
2-Methylpropane
(commonly called isobutane)
Butane
Skeletons may be unbranched or branched.
() Double bond position
HHHH
1-Butene
2-Butene
The skeleton may have double bonds, which can vary in location.
(d) Presence of rings
H.
H"
H-
Cycdohexane
Benzene
Some carbon skeletons are arranged in rings. In the abbreviated
structural formula for each compound to its right), each comer
represents a carbon and its attached hydrogers.
Transcribed Image Text:V Figure 4.7 Three types of isomers. Isomers are compounds
that have the same molecular formula but different structures.
(a) Structural Isomers
H-CH
HH H H H
H H
H
HH H H H
H H H H
2-Methylbutane
Structural isomers differ in covalent partners, as shown In ths
Pentane
example of two isomers of C,H2.
(b) Cis-trans Isomers
H
C=C
H
cis isomer. The two Xs are on trans Isomer: The two Xs are
the same side.
on opposite sides.
Cs-trans isomers differ in arrangement about a double bond. In
these diagrams, X represents an atom or group of atoms attached
to a double bonded carbon.
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