Using the loanable fund model (financial market) presented in chapter 3, suggest using a graph at least two policies that a government could use to increase the equilibrium quantity of investment in the economy, and carefully explain how these policies produce this result.

Using the loanable fund model (financial market) presented in chapter 3, suggest using a graph at least two policies that a government could use to increase the equilibrium quantity of investment in the economy, and carefully explain how these policies produce this result.

ENGR.ECONOMIC ANALYSIS

14th Edition

ISBN:9780190931919

Author:NEWNAN

Publisher:NEWNAN

Chapter1: Making Economics Decisions

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1QTC

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Homework (Ch 23) 5. Impact of budget deficits The following graph shows the loanable funds market in the United States. It plots both the demand (D) for loanable funds and the supply (S) of loanable funds. At the current equilibrium, the government is operating with a balanced budget. Assume now that the financial industry is close to bankruptcy and the U.S. government decides to implement a bailout plan of several billion dollars without increasing taxes, causing a budget deficit. Show the effect of the budget deficit on the market for loanable funds by shifting the demand (D) curve, the supply (S) curve, or both. INTEREST RATE LOANABLE FUNDS Based on this model, the budget deficit leads to D $ 6 m D/ in the level of investment and in the interest rate.
Demand Supply Supply Demand LOANABLE FUNDS (Billions of dollars) Scenario 1: Suppose savers either buy bonds or make deposits in savings accounts at banks. Initially, the interest income earned on bonds or deposits is taxed at a rate of 20%. Now suppose there is an increase in the tax rate on interest income, from 20% to 25%. INTEREST RATE (Percent)
Scenario 1: Individual Retirement Accounts (IRAs) allow workers to shelter a portion of their income from taxation. Suppose the maximum annual contribution to accounts of this type is $6,000 per person. Now suppose there is an increase in the maximum contribution, from $6,000 to $9,000 per year. Shift the appropriate curve on the graph to reflect this change. This change in the tax treatment of saving causes the equilibrium interest rate in the market for loanable funds tofall and the level of investment spending toincrease . Scenario 2: An investment tax credit effectively lowers the tax bill of any firm that purchases new capital within some relevant time period. Suppose the government implements a new investment tax credit. Shift the appropriate curve on the graph to reflect this change. The implementation of the new tax credit causes the interest rate tofall and the level of saving tofall . Scenario 3: Initially, the government's budget is balanced; then…
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Using the framework of the supply and demand of loanable funds, analyze the possible effect on the equilibrium interest rate in the U.S. in each of the following independent, hypothetical scenarios. a. The economy heats up, leading to higher wages and decreased unemployment. b. Concerned that the credit rating of US Treasury securities will be downgraded, international investors move some money out of the US. c. Congress approves a budget that decreases spending and increases tax rates, thereby driving the deficit down
? Scenario 1: Suppose savers either buy bonds or make deposits in savings accounts at banks. Initially, the interest income earned on bonds or deposits is taxed at a rate of 18%. Now suppose there is a decrease in the tax rate on interest income, from 18% to 14%. Shift the appropriate curve on the graph to reflect this change. This change in the tax treatment of saving causes the equilibrium interest rate in the market for loanable funds to fall spending to decrease and the level of investment Scenario 2: An investment tax credit effectively lowers the tax bill of any firm that purchases new capital within some relevant time period. Suppose the government implements a new investment tax credit. Shift the appropriate curve on the graph to reflect this change. The implementation of the new tax credit causes the interest rate to fall and the level of investment to fall Scenario 3: Initially, the government's budget is balanced; then the government significantly increases spending on…
The following graph shows the market for loanable funds. For each of the given scenarios, adjust the appropriate curve on the graph to help you complete the questions that follow. Treat each scenario separately by resetting the graph to its original state before examining the effect of each individual scenario. (graph in image) Scenario 1: Suppose savers either buy bonds or make deposits in savings accounts at banks. Initially, the interest income earned on bonds or deposits is taxed at a rate of 20%. Now suppose there is an increase in the tax rate on interest income, from 20% to 25%. Shift the appropriate curve on the graph to reflect this change. This change in the tax treatment of interest income from saving causes the equilibrium interest rate in the market for loanable funds to (a. fall, b. rise) and the level of investment spending to (a. increase, b. decrease). Scenario 2: An investment tax credit effectively lowers the tax bill of any firm that purchases…
Please no written by hand and no image Understanding the joint effect of market forces. You (should) have understood by now that market prices are determined by the joint forces of supply and demand. This week, we will discuss how the joint forces of supply and demand impact the price of oil. Explain why the price of oil is so high right now. Then explain why the price of oil plummetted in the summer of 2020 , resulting in a negative price for oil futures (an oil futures contract specifies the price at which delivery of oil will take place in the future). Demonstrate your understanding in terms of shifts in demand and supply curves. Starting with an iinitial set of demand and supply curves in february of 2020 for instance, depict what happened to demand and supply curves by summer of 2020 that explains the step step drop in oil prices. Do a similar analysis for the price of oil now.
Construct the market for loanable funds and use it to illustrate and explain each of the following:a) How an increase in the government budget deficit will affect equilibrium interest rate and investment spending of firms, other factors constantb) How an increase in household savings as they become more financial literate will affect equilibrium interest rate and investment spending of firms, other factors constantc) How an increase in business confidence will affect equilibrium interest rate and investment spending of firms, other factors constant.
Amid the global pandemic, economic activity in many countries in the world decreased substantially causing a significant reduction in tax revenues. Mexico had a projected a budget deficit of $20 billion dollars. Assume that the government of Mexico borrowed $20 billion more from the market for loanable funds. Answer both parts below assuming that Mexico is a closed economy. a) Use a diagram for the market for loanable funds to analyze this policy. Does the interest rate rise or fall? What happens to investment and national saving? Note: make sure you label your diagram properly. b) Suppose households believe that greater government borrowing today implies higher taxes to pay off the government debt in the future. What does this belief do to private saving and the supply of loanable funds today? Does this change the results you discussed in part (a)? + v В I U A 川、 Paragraph
On the following graph, show the impact of the increase in government purchases on the interest rate by shifting one or both of the curves. Supply X Demand 2 10 20 30 40 50 QUANTITY OF LOANABLE FUNDS (Billions of dollars) 12 IN TEREST RATE 10 0 0 60 ģ Demand Supply ? Suppose that for each one-percentage-point increase in the interest rate, the level of investment spending declines by $1.25 billion. by According to the change you made to the loanable funds market in the previous scenario, the increase in government purchases causes the interest rate in the money market to from 6% to %. The change in the interest rate causes the level of investment spending to $ billion. by After the multiplier effect is accounted for, the change in investment spending will cause the quantity of output demanded to $ billion at each price level. The impact of an increase in government purchases on the interest rate and the level of investment spending is known as the effect. Place the purple line (diamond…