Using a stimulus of your choosing demonstrate the James-Lange, Cannon-Bard, Schachter-Singer, and cognitive-mediational theories of emotion. Describe each emotional theory using your stimulus in just a few sentences using a minimum of 150 words.
Emotions are defined as the reaction human beings experiences in response to events or situations. It is a complex psychological state that has three components- a subjective experience, a psychological response and a behavioral response. Emotions have been defined differently by different psychologists and researchers in varied ways over the time. Some of them are:
· James Lange theory: this theory was suggested by William James and Carl Lang in the late 1800s. According to them, emotion consists of body’s physical response due to any stimulus of the environment. When a person come across any stimulus with emotional loading physiological changes occurs in his/her body.
· Cannon-Bard theory of emotion: this theory explains emotion as a function of thalamus and states that subjective experiences like feeling the emotion, and the physiological response like- sweating, trembling, dilation of pupils and muscle tension, etc. occurs simultaneously. It is because when the thalamus sends a message to the brain after the stimulus have been encountered by the individual physiological reaction activates so, both experiencing the emotion and reaction in response to the emotion occurs at once and not one after the other.
· Schachter-Singer theory of emotion: it is also known as two factor theory of emotion, which states that emotion is the by-play of the two factors like physiological and cognitive processes. At first, the stimulus from the environment evokes a physiological response which is then cognitively labelled by an individual and then he/she finally experiences the emotion.
· Cognitive mediational theory of emotion: This theory of emotions was developed by Richard Lazarus focuses on the role of ‘appraisal’. Appraisal is defined as the tendency of human mind to make unconscious and automatic assessments of the situation and the meaning of the situation. Lazarus attempts to explain the interrelation of cognition, stress and emotion. In this theory, it is said that at first a stimulus appears, which is followed by though and finally leads to the experience of a physiological response and emotion.
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