Using a proof by contraposition prove that for any integer n, if n² is even then n is even.

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**Title: Proof by Contraposition**

**Text:**

Using a proof by contraposition, prove that for any integer \( n \), if \( n^2 \) is even then \( n \) is even.

**Explanation:**

To prove this statement by contraposition, we need to show that the contrapositive is true. The original statement is: "If \( n^2 \) is even, then \( n \) is even." The contrapositive of this statement is: "If \( n \) is odd, then \( n^2 \) is odd."

1. Assume \( n \) is odd. This means \( n = 2k + 1 \) for some integer \( k \), where \( 2k + 1 \) is the standard form of an odd number.
2. Calculate \( n^2 \):
   \[
   n^2 = (2k + 1)^2 = 4k^2 + 4k + 1 = 2(2k^2 + 2k) + 1
   \]
3. Since \( n^2 = 2(2k^2 + 2k) + 1 \), it is of the form \( 2m + 1 \) for some integer \( m \), which is the standard form of an odd number.
4. Therefore, if \( n \) is odd, then \( n^2 \) is odd.

Since the contrapositive is proven to be true, the original statement is also true by contraposition.
Transcribed Image Text:**Title: Proof by Contraposition** **Text:** Using a proof by contraposition, prove that for any integer \( n \), if \( n^2 \) is even then \( n \) is even. **Explanation:** To prove this statement by contraposition, we need to show that the contrapositive is true. The original statement is: "If \( n^2 \) is even, then \( n \) is even." The contrapositive of this statement is: "If \( n \) is odd, then \( n^2 \) is odd." 1. Assume \( n \) is odd. This means \( n = 2k + 1 \) for some integer \( k \), where \( 2k + 1 \) is the standard form of an odd number. 2. Calculate \( n^2 \): \[ n^2 = (2k + 1)^2 = 4k^2 + 4k + 1 = 2(2k^2 + 2k) + 1 \] 3. Since \( n^2 = 2(2k^2 + 2k) + 1 \), it is of the form \( 2m + 1 \) for some integer \( m \), which is the standard form of an odd number. 4. Therefore, if \( n \) is odd, then \( n^2 \) is odd. Since the contrapositive is proven to be true, the original statement is also true by contraposition.
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