Used in everything from model planes to passenger planes, superglue is one of the best-known modern glues. The curing process that facilitates its remarkable (convert from liquid to solid) in the presence of adhesive properties is a chain polymerization reaction. The ingredient that gives superglue its adhesive ability is methyl cyanoacrylate. This compound is just one member of a larger family of cyanoacrylates with the following structure. Contrary to popular understanding, superglue does not"air dry."In fact, cyanoacrylates cure weak nucleophiles such as water. Under normal circumstances, a thin layer of water is present on almost all surfaces. The curing process, therefore, involves the reaction shown here. C=N C=N C=N C=N H,C=C H,O:+ H,C=C? H,O-CH,-C: + H,C= C=0 C=0 ČO,R C=0 R a cyanoacrylate R C=N C=N C=N - Hö-CH,- -C+H etc. HO-CH,-C-CH,-C: +H CO,R COOR ČOOR
Used in everything from model planes to passenger planes, superglue is one of the best-known modern glues. The curing process that facilitates its remarkable (convert from liquid to solid) in the presence of adhesive properties is a chain polymerization reaction. The ingredient that gives superglue its adhesive ability is methyl cyanoacrylate. This compound is just one member of a larger family of cyanoacrylates with the following structure. Contrary to popular understanding, superglue does not"air dry."In fact, cyanoacrylates cure weak nucleophiles such as water. Under normal circumstances, a thin layer of water is present on almost all surfaces. The curing process, therefore, involves the reaction shown here. C=N C=N C=N C=N H,C=C H,O:+ H,C=C? H,O-CH,-C: + H,C= C=0 C=0 ČO,R C=0 R a cyanoacrylate R C=N C=N C=N - Hö-CH,- -C+H etc. HO-CH,-C-CH,-C: +H CO,R COOR ČOOR
Used in everything from model planes to passenger planes, superglue is one of the best-known modern glues. The curing process that facilitates its remarkable (convert from liquid to solid) in the presence of adhesive properties is a chain polymerization reaction. The ingredient that gives superglue its adhesive ability is methyl cyanoacrylate. This compound is just one member of a larger family of cyanoacrylates with the following structure. Contrary to popular understanding, superglue does not"air dry."In fact, cyanoacrylates cure weak nucleophiles such as water. Under normal circumstances, a thin layer of water is present on almost all surfaces. The curing process, therefore, involves the reaction shown here. C=N C=N C=N C=N H,C=C H,O:+ H,C=C? H,O-CH,-C: + H,C= C=0 C=0 ČO,R C=0 R a cyanoacrylate R C=N C=N C=N - Hö-CH,- -C+H etc. HO-CH,-C-CH,-C: +H CO,R COOR ČOOR
Given the mechanism of polymerization, which of the following reaction conditions would lower the length of the polymers created?
1. Increasing concentrations of water to start
2. Acidic conditions
3. Basic conditions
4. Both 1 and 2
5. Both 1 and 3
Transcribed Image Text:Used in everything from model planes to passenger
planes, superglue is one of the best-known modern
glues. The curing process that facilitates its remarkable (convert from liquid to solid) in the presence of
adhesive properties is a chain polymerization reaction.
The ingredient that gives superglue its adhesive ability
is methyl cyanoacrylate. This compound is just one
member of a larger family of cyanoacrylates with the
following structure.
Contrary to popular understanding, superglue
does not"air dry."In fact, cyanoacrylates cure
weak nucleophiles such as water. Under normal
circumstances, a thin layer of water is present on
almost all surfaces. The curing process, therefore,
involves the reaction shown here.
C=N
C=N
C=N
C=N
H,C=C
H,O:+ H,C=C?
H,O-CH,-C:
+ H,C=
C=0
C=0
ČO,R
C=0
R
a cyanoacrylate
R
C=N
C=N
C=N
- Hö-CH,-
-C+H
etc.
HO-CH,-C-CH,-C:
+H
CO,R
COOR
ČOOR
Definition Definition Chemical process in which one or more monomers combine to produce a very large chain-like molecule called a polymer. The functional groups present on the monomers and their steric effects are responsible for polymerization through a sequence of reactions that vary in complexity. There exists a stable covalent chemical bond between monomers that sets apart polymerization from other processes.
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