Question 2Multiferroic materials, in which ferromagnetism and ferro- electricity coexist, have stimulated a greatdeal of interest in recent years due to their considerable potential technological applications.Examples of these perovskite (A,B,Oz ) type materials are shown in Figure 1 and transform from aferroelectric (FE) phase to a paraelectric (PE) phase when the temperature or pressure changes.'01Pb0201(a)(b)Figure 1: Unit cells of two different types of perovskite structures.'a) Use your knowledge of unit cell symmetry, dimensions and coordination geometry tocompare and contrast these structures including naming the unit cells.

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Answered: ) Use your knowledge of unit cell…

) Use your knowledge of unit cell symmetry, dimensions and coordination geometry to compare and contrast these structures including naming the unit cells.

Chemistry for Engineering Students

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Author:Lawrence S. Brown, Tom Holme

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Chapter8: Molecules And Materials

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 8.7PAE

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Q4 // Answer the following (choose three branches): A- Iron was formed at 912 ° C by the effect of heating from a crystalline structure (BCCA) type to a crystalline type structure. During this fusion, a change occurred in the atomic radius of RBe = 0.1258nm to RFee = 0.1289nm. (EC) Calculate the volume change ratio for this reaction? Is this interaction increase or decrease?
planar density
Calculate the number of vacancies per cubic meter in gold (Au) at 900C. The energy for vacancy formation is 0.98 eV/atom. Furthermore, the density and atomic weight for Au are 18.63 g/cm3 (at 900C) and 196.9 g/mol, respectively.
Please provide step-by-step anwser What is the probable lattice type of crystalline substances that give the following observed reflections? Body centered? Face centered? Etc.? (a) 100, 110, 111, 200, 210 (b) 001, 110, 200, 111, 201
The thermal and mechanical processing of materials is an important step in ensuring that they have the appropriate physical properties for their intended application. Suppose a metallic element undergoes a phase transit ion in which its crystal structure changes from cubic close-packed to bodycentredcubic. (a) Does it become more or less dense? (b) By what factor does its density change?
BaTiO3 has the perovskite structure shown below. The ionic size of Ba2+, Ti4*, and O2- are 0.161 nm, 0.061 nm, and 0.141 nm. The atomic mass of Ba, Ti, and O are 137 g/mol, 48 g/mol, and 16 g/mol. Bal Explain why Ti occupies the B site (cube center). • Using the density of BaTiO3 of 5.89 g/mol, calculate the unit cell length for the structure. If a Fe3+ substitutes for Tit* ion, what point defects might occur in BaTiO3?
Divalent ionic crystals. Barium oxide has the NaCl structure. Estimate the cohesive energies per molecule of the hypothetical crystals Ba*O¯ and Ba**O¯- referred to separated neutral atoms. The observed nearest-neighbor internuclear distance is R, = 2.76 Å; the first and second ionization potentials of Ba are 5.19 and 9.96 eV; and the electron affinities of the first and second electrons added to the neutral oxygen atom are 1.5 and -9.0 eV. The first electron affinity of the ++ %3D
What are the signs of AH and AS, respectively, when iodine crystals undergo sublimation? O >0, >0 O >0, 0
The rutile and fluorite structures, shown here (anions arecolored green), are two of the most common structure typesof ionic compounds where the cation to anion ratio is 1 : 2.(a) For CaF2 and ZnF2 use ionic radii, Ca2+ (r = 1.14 A° ),Zn2+ (r = 0.88 A° ), and F- (r = 1.19 A° ), to predict whichcompound is more likely to crystallize with the fluoritestructure and which with the rutile structure. (b) What arethe coordination numbers of the cations and anions in eachof these structures?
(b) Using the Crystallographer's formula to determine the density (in g/cm³) of Po: ρ = Σ Ζ * Μ Vell* N You must know that a primitive cubic cell has Z = 1 Since Po is a metal, the value of "i" = 1, since it's the only entity! MM of Po= 208.998 g/mol Vcell (in cm³) = a³ Vcell (3.36 x 10-8 cm)³ = 3.793 x 10-23 cm³ N = 6.022 x 1023 atoms/mol Thus: p = (1 atom/cell) (208.998 g/mol) = 9.16 g/cm³ (3.793 x 10-23 cm³) (6.022 x 1023)
given that solid zn(oh)2 has Ksp=1.2
Platinum nanoparticles of diameter ∼2 nm are important catalysts in carbon monoxide oxidation to carbon dioxide. Platinum crystallizes in a face-centered cubic arrangement with an edge length of 3.924 Å. (a) Estimate how many platinum atoms would fit into a 2.0-nm sphere; the volume of a sphere is 14>32pr3. Recall that 1 A ° = 1 * 10-10 m and 1 nm = 1 * 10-9 m.

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