EXAMPLE 9.5Oil and WaterGOAL Calculate pressures created by layers of different fluids.AirPROBLEM In a huge oil tanker, salt water has flooded an ol tankto a depth of hz = 5.00 m. On top of the water is a layer of oill k, =Oilby8.00 m deep, as in the cross-sectional view of the tank in thefigure. The ol has a density of 0.700 g/cm3. Find the pressure atthe bottom of the tank. (Take 1,025 kg/m³ as the density of saltWaterwater.)STRATEGY P= P, + pgh must be used twice. First, use it to calculate the pressure P, at the bottom ofthe oil layer. Then use this pressure in place of Po in the equation and calculate the pressure Phot at thebottom of the water layer.SOLUTIONUse the equation to calculate thepressure at the bottom of the oil layer.(1)P1 - Po + egh,= 1.01 x 105 Pa+ (7.00 x 10° kg/m) (9.80 m/s)(8.00 m)P1 - 1.56 x 105 PaNow adapt the equation to the new(2) Poot - P, + pgh,starting pressure, and use it tocalculate the pressure at the bottom of= 1.56 x 105 Pa+ (1.025 x 10° ka/m?) (9.80 m/s?) (s.00 m)the water layer.Poot - 2.06 x 10° PaLEARN MOREREMARKS The weight of the atmosphere results in Pg at the surface of the oil layer. Then the weight ofthe oil and the weight of the water combine to create the pressure at the bottom.QUESTION Why does air pressure decrease with increasing altitude? (Select all that apply.)DiThe weight of the air below is smaller.There is more air below to push up more strongly.O Colder air is less dense.O Hot air rises.Less air above pushes down.O The weight of the air above is smaller.PRACTICE ITUse the worked example above to help you solve this problem. In a huge oil tanker, salt water has floodedan oil tank to a depth of hz = 4.70 m. On top of the water is a layer of oil k, = 8.15 m deep, as in thecross-sectional view of the tank as shown in the figure. The oill has a density of 0.700 g/cm?. Find thepressure at the bottom of the tank. (Take 1,025 kg/m as the density of salt water.)РаEXERCISEHINTS: GETTING STARTED | "'M STUCK!Calculate the pressure on the top lid of a chest buried under 3.50 meters of mud with density1.75 x 10 kg/m at the bottom of a 12.5-m-deep lake.Ра

Answered: Image /qna-images/answer/5418e7b7-6b45-4593-a3fe-66171a4611e7.jpg

Use the worked example above to help you solve this problem. In a huge oil tanker, salt water has flooded an oil tank to a depth of hz - 4.70 m. On top of the water is a layer of oil h, - 8.15 m deep, as in the cross-sectional view of the tank as shown in the figure. The oll has a density of 0.700 g/cm. Find the pressure at the bottom of the tank. (Take 1,025 kg/m as the density of salt water.) | Pa EXERCISE HINTS: GETTING STARTED I I'M STUCK! Calculate the pressure on the top lid of a chest buried under 3.50 meters of mud with density 1.75 x 10' ka/m at the bottom of a 12.5-m-deep lake. Pa

Use the worked example above to help you solve this problem. In a huge oil tanker, salt water has flooded an oil tank to a depth of hz - 4.70 m. On top of the water is a layer of oil h, - 8.15 m deep, as in the cross-sectional view of the tank as shown in the figure. The oll has a density of 0.700 g/cm. Find the pressure at the bottom of the tank. (Take 1,025 kg/m as the density of salt water.) | Pa EXERCISE HINTS: GETTING STARTED I I'M STUCK! Calculate the pressure on the top lid of a chest buried under 3.50 meters of mud with density 1.75 x 10' ka/m at the bottom of a 12.5-m-deep lake. Pa

College Physics

11th Edition

ISBN:9781305952300

Author:Raymond A. Serway, Chris Vuille

Publisher:Raymond A. Serway, Chris Vuille

Chapter1: Units, Trigonometry. And Vectors

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1CQ: Estimate the order of magnitude of the length, in meters, of each of the following; (a) a mouse, (b)...

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Concept explainers

Interference of Light

The word "constructive" signifies addition in interference. Constructive interference occurs when the path of the waves that start from the slit differs by 1 entire wavelength or in the intervals of the same. Hence, the waves that are presented on the screen are in phase (crest to crest/trough to trough). The waves interfering constructively forms bright fringes on the screen.

Question

EXAMPLE 9.5
Oil and Water
GOAL Calculate pressures created by layers of different fluids.
Air
PROBLEM In a huge oil tanker, salt water has flooded an ol tank
to a depth of hz = 5.00 m. On top of the water is a layer of oill k, =
Oil
by
8.00 m deep, as in the cross-sectional view of the tank in the
figure. The ol has a density of 0.700 g/cm3. Find the pressure at
the bottom of the tank. (Take 1,025 kg/m³ as the density of salt
Water
water.)
STRATEGY P= P, + pgh must be used twice. First, use it to calculate the pressure P, at the bottom of
the oil layer. Then use this pressure in place of Po in the equation and calculate the pressure Phot at the
bottom of the water layer.
SOLUTION
Use the equation to calculate the
pressure at the bottom of the oil layer.
(1)
P1 - Po + egh,
= 1.01 x 105 Pa
+ (7.00 x 10° kg/m) (9.80 m/s)(8.00 m)
P1 - 1.56 x 105 Pa
Now adapt the equation to the new
(2) Poot - P, + pgh,
starting pressure, and use it to
calculate the pressure at the bottom of
= 1.56 x 105 Pa
+ (1.025 x 10° ka/m?) (9.80 m/s?) (s.00 m)
the water layer.
Poot - 2.06 x 10° Pa
LEARN MORE
REMARKS The weight of the atmosphere results in Pg at the surface of the oil layer. Then the weight of
the oil and the weight of the water combine to create the pressure at the bottom.
QUESTION Why does air pressure decrease with increasing altitude? (Select all that apply.)
DiThe weight of the air below is smaller.
There is more air below to push up more strongly.
O Colder air is less dense.
O Hot air rises.
Less air above pushes down.
O The weight of the air above is smaller.
PRACTICE IT
Use the worked example above to help you solve this problem. In a huge oil tanker, salt water has flooded
an oil tank to a depth of hz = 4.70 m. On top of the water is a layer of oil k, = 8.15 m deep, as in the
cross-sectional view of the tank as shown in the figure. The oill has a density of 0.700 g/cm?. Find the
pressure at the bottom of the tank. (Take 1,025 kg/m as the density of salt water.)
Ра
EXERCISE
HINTS: GETTING STARTED | "'M STUCK!
Calculate the pressure on the top lid of a chest buried under 3.50 meters of mud with density
1.75 x 10 kg/m at the bottom of a 12.5-m-deep lake.
Ра

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