Calculus: Early Transcendentals
8th Edition
ISBN:9781285741550
Author:James Stewart
Publisher:James Stewart
Chapter1: Functions And Models
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RCC: (a) What is a function? What are its domain and range? (b) What is the graph of a function? (c) How...
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![**Title:** Solving Initial Value Problems Using Laplace Transform
**Objective:** Use the Laplace transform to solve the given initial value problem.
**Problem Statement:**
\[
y'' - 4y' + 4y = t^3 e^{2t}, \quad y(0) = 0, \quad y'(0) = 0
\]
**Explanation:**
In this problem, we are given a second-order linear differential equation with constant coefficients and a non-homogeneous term \( t^3 e^{2t} \). The initial conditions provided are \( y(0) = 0 \) and \( y'(0) = 0 \).
To solve this initial value problem using the Laplace transform, we will follow these key steps:
1. **Take the Laplace transform** of both sides of the differential equation.
2. **Apply the initial conditions** to simplify the resulting algebraic equation.
3. **Solve for \( Y(s) \)**, the Laplace transform of the unknown function \( y(t) \).
4. **Take the inverse Laplace transform** to obtain \( y(t) \).
This approach leverages the properties of the Laplace transform to convert the differential equation into an algebraic equation that is easier to solve.
**Step-by-Step Solution:**
1. **Apply the Laplace transform** to both sides of the differential equation:
\[
\mathcal{L}\{ y'' \} - 4\mathcal{L}\{ y' \} + 4\mathcal{L}\{ y \} = \mathcal{L}\{ t^3 e^{2t} \}
\]
2. Using the properties of Laplace transforms:
\[
\mathcal{L}\{ y'' \} = s^2 Y(s) - s y(0) - y'(0)
\]
\[
\mathcal{L}\{ y' \} = s Y(s) - y(0)
\]
\[
\mathcal{L}\{ y \} = Y(s)
\]
3. Substituting the initial conditions \( y(0) = 0 \) and \( y'(0) = 0 \) into the transformed equation:
\[
s^2 Y(s) - 4s Y](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2Fab6a44fb-472d-4115-ae99-90593ad92ba0%2F4781df21-ea5a-4281-adb9-4fa699d5bf39%2Fey1637s_processed.png&w=3840&q=75)
Transcribed Image Text:**Title:** Solving Initial Value Problems Using Laplace Transform
**Objective:** Use the Laplace transform to solve the given initial value problem.
**Problem Statement:**
\[
y'' - 4y' + 4y = t^3 e^{2t}, \quad y(0) = 0, \quad y'(0) = 0
\]
**Explanation:**
In this problem, we are given a second-order linear differential equation with constant coefficients and a non-homogeneous term \( t^3 e^{2t} \). The initial conditions provided are \( y(0) = 0 \) and \( y'(0) = 0 \).
To solve this initial value problem using the Laplace transform, we will follow these key steps:
1. **Take the Laplace transform** of both sides of the differential equation.
2. **Apply the initial conditions** to simplify the resulting algebraic equation.
3. **Solve for \( Y(s) \)**, the Laplace transform of the unknown function \( y(t) \).
4. **Take the inverse Laplace transform** to obtain \( y(t) \).
This approach leverages the properties of the Laplace transform to convert the differential equation into an algebraic equation that is easier to solve.
**Step-by-Step Solution:**
1. **Apply the Laplace transform** to both sides of the differential equation:
\[
\mathcal{L}\{ y'' \} - 4\mathcal{L}\{ y' \} + 4\mathcal{L}\{ y \} = \mathcal{L}\{ t^3 e^{2t} \}
\]
2. Using the properties of Laplace transforms:
\[
\mathcal{L}\{ y'' \} = s^2 Y(s) - s y(0) - y'(0)
\]
\[
\mathcal{L}\{ y' \} = s Y(s) - y(0)
\]
\[
\mathcal{L}\{ y \} = Y(s)
\]
3. Substituting the initial conditions \( y(0) = 0 \) and \( y'(0) = 0 \) into the transformed equation:
\[
s^2 Y(s) - 4s Y
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