Use the following table of bond energies to calculate the molar enthalpy of combustion (in kJ/mol) of acetylene (C2H2) gas in oxygen, based on the following chemical equation: C2H2(g) + 2.502(g) → 2CO2(g) + H2O(g) Single H c N Bond H 432 C 411 346 N 386 305 167 459 358 201 142 C=C 602 C=O 799 C=C 835 C=O 1072 Multiple Bonds C=N 615 O=0 494 C=N 887 N=N 942 **All values in kJ/mol**
Reactive Intermediates
In chemistry, reactive intermediates are termed as short-lived, highly reactive atoms with high energy. They rapidly transform into stable particles during a chemical reaction. In specific cases, by means of matrix isolation and at low-temperature reactive intermediates can be isolated.
Hydride Shift
A hydride shift is a rearrangement of a hydrogen atom in a carbocation that occurs to make the molecule more stable. In organic chemistry, rearrangement of the carbocation is very easily seen. This rearrangement can be because of the movement of a carbocation to attain stability in the compound. Such structural reorganization movement is called a shift within molecules. After the shifting of carbocation over the different carbon then they form structural isomers of the previous existing molecule.
Vinylic Carbocation
A carbocation where the positive charge is on the alkene carbon is known as the vinyl carbocation or vinyl cation. The empirical formula for vinyl cation is C2H3+. In the vinyl carbocation, the positive charge is on the carbon atom with the double bond therefore it is sp hybridized. It is known to be a part of various reactions, for example, electrophilic addition of alkynes and solvolysis as well. It plays the role of a reactive intermediate in these reactions.
Cycloheptatrienyl Cation
It is an aromatic carbocation having a general formula, [C7 H7]+. It is also known as the aromatic tropylium ion. Its name is derived from the molecule tropine, which is a seven membered carbon atom ring. Cycloheptatriene or tropylidene was first synthesized from tropine.
Stability of Vinyl Carbocation
Carbocations are positively charged carbon atoms. It is also known as a carbonium ion.
Use the following table of bond energies to calculate the molar enthalpy of combustion (in kJ/mol) of acetylene (C₂H₂) gas in oxygen, based on the following chemical equation: C₂H₂(g) + 2.5O₂(g) → 2CO₂(g) + H₂O(g)
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