Use De Morgan's law for quantified statements and the laws of propositional logic to show the following equivalences: (a) x (P(x)^-Q(x)) = 3x (-P(x) v Q(x)) (b) x (P(x)→→ Q(x)) = 3x (-P(x) ^ ¬Q(x)) (c) -3x (-P(x) v (Q(x) ^-R(x))) = x (P(x) ^ (-Q(x) v R(x)))

Advanced Engineering Mathematics
10th Edition
ISBN:9780470458365
Author:Erwin Kreyszig
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Chapter2: Second-order Linear Odes
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EXERCISE 1.8.4: Using De Morgan's law for quantified statements to prove logical equivalence.
Use De Morgan's law for quantified statements and the laws of propositional logic to show the following equivalences:
(a) x (P(X)^-Q(x)) = 3x (-P(x) v Q(x))
(b)
x (P(x)→ Q(x)) = 3x (-P(x) ^ -Q(x))
(c) -3x (-P(x) v (Q(x) A-R(x))) = x (P(x)^(-Q(x) v R(x)))
Transcribed Image Text:EXERCISE 1.8.4: Using De Morgan's law for quantified statements to prove logical equivalence. Use De Morgan's law for quantified statements and the laws of propositional logic to show the following equivalences: (a) x (P(X)^-Q(x)) = 3x (-P(x) v Q(x)) (b) x (P(x)→ Q(x)) = 3x (-P(x) ^ -Q(x)) (c) -3x (-P(x) v (Q(x) A-R(x))) = x (P(x)^(-Q(x) v R(x)))
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