Under what conditions would a test cross be performed? * When an organism with the recessive phenotype has an unknown genotype. When an organism with the dominant phenotype has an unknown genotype. When trying to determine the outcome of a trihybrid cross. When an organism has a known genotype but unknown phenotype.
Genes that code for a pair of contrasting traits are referred to as alleles i.e., they're slightly different sorts of an equivalent gene. Therefore, the term gene can be used for any factor but the term allele is used with reference to another allele. each gene is symbolized by the alphabets, the capital letter is used for the trait expressed at the F1 stage, and the small alphabet for the other trait. The term ''gene'' was given by Johannsen while the term ''allele'' was given by Bateson.
A heterozygous individual is the one in which the two alleles are different while in a homozygous individual, both the alleles are of the same type. Both homozygous and heterozygous terms are used to describe the genotype of individuals.
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