Two points on a line is to be measured by surveyors for the purpose of creating a path. After a thorough measurement the line was recorded to have a length of 398.576m. During the inspection of the surveying equipment, the steel tape was found to be 49.087m instead of a standard 50m. Determine the following: a. Actual length of the line. b. If the line was inclined at a vertical angle of 10°30', what is the corresponding recorded and actual vertical distance of the line? c. What is the recorded and actual horizontal distance of the line?

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Control Survey and Geodetic reductions

Control surveys or survey controls are used to establish reference points as a basis for various construction activities. Vertical and horizontal control points are to be established in a control survey to increase accuracy. After establishing the control points, all other types of surveys such as topographic, right-of-way, aerial mapping, construction layout, boundary surveys, and utility mapping can be worked upon so that control networks can be formed. The place from which the observations are made is called a survey station.