Two boats are heading away from shore. Boat 1 heads due north at a speed of 3.16 m/s relative to the shore. Relative to Boat 1, Boat 2 is moving 31.3° north of east at a speed of 1.70 m/s. A passenger on Boat 2 walks due east across the deck at a speed of 1.28 m/s relative to Boat 2. What is the speed of the passenger relative to the shore?

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Relative Velocity

It is a measurement of an object with regards to the other object which is moving or stable or stationary. For example, if we are traveling in a bus and the bus is moving at speed of 50km/hr, then our speed is according to the nearby passenger on the bus is zero. According to them, we are not moving. But if one person standing on the ground or road observes us from outside of the bus, according to him we are moving at a speed of 50km/hr and the bus is also moving at a speed of 50km/hr. Now, the motion is recognized by the observer, it depends on a frame of reference or observer. This is motion called relative motion.