True or fales questions: 1. The major challenge and critical competitive advantage for any organization is the human resource of that company.  True    False

ENGR.ECONOMIC ANALYSIS
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Chapter1: Making Economics Decisions
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True or fales questions:


1. The major challenge and critical competitive advantage for any organization is the human resource of that company. 
True    False
 
2. Casey, a relationship manager in a bank creates value for her organization through her networks, connections, and friends. These values can be referred to as "positive psychological capital." 
True    False
 
3. Roger, a sales manager for Heust Pvt. Ltd., is impressed with his new sales executive, Tim. According to Roger, Tim is optimistic, can perform well under pressure, and is very confident about what he does. These qualities can be referred to as "positive psychological capital." 
True    False
 
4. The problems with human organizations and the solutions over the ages have undergone drastic changes compared to their emphasis and surrounding environmental context. 
True    False
 
5. A paradigm establishes only written rules. 
True    False 
6. ‘Paradigm shift' refers to the situation in which those in the existing paradigm may not even see the changes that are occurring, and therefore, cannot analyze the changes. 
True    False
 
7. Reasons for considerable resistance to change and difficulty to move from the old management paradigm to the new can be explained by the "paradigm effect." 
True    False
 
8. The fact that today's managers are competent in their functional specialization is sufficient to reiterate that most of them paid close attention to the conceptual and human dimensions of their jobs. 
True    False
 
9.  Most of the practicing managers and their organizations cultures believe, fully implement, and consistently adhere to a full-fledged HPWPs approach to management. 
True    False
 
10. The movement to not only recognize, but also do something about the "Knowing-Doing Gap" is the movement towards evidence-based management. 
True    False
 
11. Most of the "new management practices" are essentially a readapted version of existing "old management truths." 
True    False
 
12. The Hawthorne studies were more a result of planned study than a serendipitous discovery. 
True    False
 
13. The Hawthorne effect postulates that the increase in productivity can be attributed to the special attention received by the participants. 
True    False
 
14. Behavioral science is almost as old as the physical and biological sciences. 
True    False
 
15. According to meta-analysis, if one study shows that a management technique doesn't work and another study shows that it does, an average of those results is the best estimate of how well that management practice works (or doesn't work). 
True    False
 
16. The experimental design of research used in organizational behavior is largely borrowed from sociology. 
True    False
 
17. The primary aim of any research design, establishing a cause-and-effect relationship, is accomplished through the experimental design. 
True    False
 
18. Laboratory studies tend to have better external validity than field studies. 
True    False
 

19. The social cognitive process can be a unifying theoretical framework for both cognition and behaviorism. 
True    False
 
20. The behavioristic approach posits that cognitive processes such as thinking, expectancies, and perception exist and are essential to predict and control or manage behavior. 
True    False
 
21. The behavioristic approach has been labeled as being mentalistic, while the cognitive approach has been labeled deterministic. 
True    False

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