Torgeir is on a geology field trip and finds a meteorite that contains 6 times more argon-40 than potassium-40. The half-life of potassium-40 is 1.25 x 10° years. Assume the only decay product is argon-40. How old is the rock in billions of years (10° years)?
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- A certain isotope has a half-life of 9.06 h. What is its decay constant in s-1?Carbon is one of the fundamental elements in everything that's alive on Earth. The three naturally occuring isotopes of carbon are 12C (mass fraction = 0.99), 1³C (mass fraction = 0.01) and radioactive 14C. The relative abundance or mass fraction of 14C is about 10-12 (or 1 in 1012 atoms). This radiocarbon originates from cosmic rays interacting with nitrogen atoms in the atmosphere and has a half-life time of 5730 years. Since it's half-life time is a lot higher than the time the atoms need to go through the carbon cycle, all living biomass at the Earth's surface has the same abundance of 14C as in the atmosphere. After a plant or animal has deceased the amount of 14C atoms will decay exponentially according to the following formula: = mo · 2-t/tı/2 with mo as the mass fraction at t = 0 and t1/2 as the half-life time. Since we know the abundance of 14C in the atmosphere, we can use this equation to estimate the time of death of an organism. This method is known as carbon dating.…The carbon–14 activity in papyrus growing along the Nile River today is 231 decay events per kilogram of carbon. If a papyrus scroll found in the ruins from ancient Egypt has a carbon–14 activity of 160 decay events per kilogram of carbon, how old is the scroll? (Answer is not 3036)
- Tritium, or hydrogen-3, is formed in the upper atmosphere by cosmic rays, similar to the formation of carbon-14. Tritium has been used to determine the age of wines. A certain wine that has been aged in a bottle has a tritium content only 71% of that in a similar wine of the same mass that has just been bottled. How long has the aged wine been in the bottle? The half-life of tritium is 12.3 y.Plutonium-238 (238Pu) is a radioactive isotope with a half-life of 87.7 years. If a sample of 238Pu currently has an activity of 7000 decays/s, what was the activity 438.5 years (5 half-lives) ago?(a) 1.12×105 decays/s(b) 4.48×105 decays/s(c) 2.24×105 decays/s(d) 2.19×102 decays/s(e) 3.50×104 decays/sThe half-life for the decay of carbon-14 is 5.73*10^3 years. Suppose the activity due to the radioactive decay of the carbon-14 in a tiny sample of an artifact made of wood from an archeological dig is measured to be 6.1*10^3 Bq. The activity in a similar-sized sample of fresh wood is measured to be 6.9*10^3 Bq. Calculate the age of the artifact. Round your answer to 2 significant digits.
- H.W 1 Co decays with a half-life of 5.27 years to produce Ni. (a) What is the decay constant for the radioactive disintegration of cobalt-60? (b) Calculate the fraction of a sample of the Co isotope that will remain after 15 years. (c) How long does it take for a sample of 29 Co to disintegrate to the extent that only 2.0% of the original amount remains?Radon 22Rn produces a daughter nucleus that is radioactive. The daughter, in turn, produces its own radioactive daughter, and so on. This process continues until lead 208Pb is reached. What are the total number No of a particles and the total number No- of ß* particles that are generated in this series of radioactive decays? Na = Number i NB- - = Number i Units UnitsPotassium-argon dating is used to measure the age of rocks formed from cooled lava by determining the fraction of the original 40K remaining in a sample from the ratio of 40K:40Ar. Unusually, potassium-40 decays into both 40Ca (89.1% of the time) and 40Ar (10.9% of the time) with a half-life of 1:248 x 109 years. What is the calculated age of a sample in which the faction of 40K remaining was found to be 0.0043? Is this result physically plausible and why?
- 8. The half-life for a radioactive isotope is 4.00 × 10⁹ yr. Determine the age (in years) of a rock specimen that contains sixty percent of its original number of radioactive atoms. years 0 ssi sf60 ss” 50 ssf6€ ssf60 sta £60C & DA particular rock is thought to be 234 million years old. If it contains 4.84 mg of 238U, how much 206 Pb should it contain? Assume 238U decays directly to 206PB with a half-life of 4.47 × 109 y.