To submit Let R be a ring. Define a function e : R[x] × R → R by the rule e(a„x" + ·..+a¡x+a0,r) = a,r" + · · ·+a¡r+ao. In other words, given the input of a polynomial f(x) E R[x] and an element r E R, e(f(x),r) is obtained by substituting r for x in f(x). (a) Prove that, if R is a commutative ring, then e(f,r)+e(g,r) = e(f+g,r) and e(f,r) · e(g,r) = e(f8,r) for any two linear polynomials f,g € R[x] and any r E R. [In fact both facts are true for polynomials f,g of any degree. I encourage you to write up a proof of the more general versions instead, if you can. But I didn’t want to burden everyone with having to use indices and arbitrarily long sums.]

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To submit Let R be a ring. Define a function e : R[x] × R → R by the rule
e(anx" +...+a¡x+ao,r) = anp" +.…+a¡r+ ao-
In other words, given the input of a polynomial f(x) E R[x] and an element r E R,
e(f(x),r) is obtained by substituting r for x in f(x).
(a) Prove that, if R is a commutative ring, then
e(f,r)+e(8,r) = e(f+g,r) and
e(f,r) · e(g,r) = e(f8,r)
for any two linear polynomials f,g € R[x] and any r E R.
[In fact both facts are true for polynomials ƒ,g of any degree. I encourage you
to write up a proof of the more general versions instead, if you can. But I didn’t
want to burden everyone with having to use indices and arbitrarily long sums.]
(b) If R is a non-commutative ring, just one of the two equations in part (a) still holds
for all r, f, and g. Which one? Explain how you could make a counterexample
to the other equation.
[If you know a non-commutative ring, feel free to give an actual counterexample
in that ring instead of “explaining how".]
Transcribed Image Text:To submit Let R be a ring. Define a function e : R[x] × R → R by the rule e(anx" +...+a¡x+ao,r) = anp" +.…+a¡r+ ao- In other words, given the input of a polynomial f(x) E R[x] and an element r E R, e(f(x),r) is obtained by substituting r for x in f(x). (a) Prove that, if R is a commutative ring, then e(f,r)+e(8,r) = e(f+g,r) and e(f,r) · e(g,r) = e(f8,r) for any two linear polynomials f,g € R[x] and any r E R. [In fact both facts are true for polynomials ƒ,g of any degree. I encourage you to write up a proof of the more general versions instead, if you can. But I didn’t want to burden everyone with having to use indices and arbitrarily long sums.] (b) If R is a non-commutative ring, just one of the two equations in part (a) still holds for all r, f, and g. Which one? Explain how you could make a counterexample to the other equation. [If you know a non-commutative ring, feel free to give an actual counterexample in that ring instead of “explaining how".]
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