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To reduce recoil, many modern rifles are equipped with a recoil mechanism. That is, the portion of the rifle which acts acts against the force of the expanding gases which propels the bullet is allowed to slide in a carriage relative to the rest of the gun. Let's say this carriage has a mass of 1.5 kg and is allowed to slide over a distance of 25 cm. The bullet being fired has a mass of 15 g and a muzzle velocity of 500 m/s. (a) (b) (c) (d) Recuperator Bolted to guide rail Slides along with guide rails Recoil Oil Air Bolted to cradle No movement What is the recoil velocity of the carriage? [Hint: you will use either energy conservation or momentum conservation. Which of these will you use?] What is the average force acting to stop the carriage? The user would feel this force on their shoulder. [Hint: use the work-energy theorem If the force stopping it is due to a spring, what is the spring constant of the spring? What is the maximum force this spring exerts? The user would feel this force on their shoulder. (e) Now let's see what it would be like without the recoil mechanism. If the barrel of the rifle is 50 cm, what is the average force the expanding gases exert on the bullet? Without the recoil mechanism, the user would feel this full force on their shoulder.

To reduce recoil, many modern rifles are equipped with a recoil mechanism. That is, the portion of the rifle which acts acts against the force of the expanding gases which propels the bullet is allowed to slide in a carriage relative to the rest of the gun. Let's say this carriage has a mass of 1.5 kg and is allowed to slide over a distance of 25 cm. The bullet being fired has a mass of 15 g and a muzzle velocity of 500 m/s. (a) (b) (c) (d) Recuperator Bolted to guide rail Slides along with guide rails Recoil Oil Air Bolted to cradle No movement What is the recoil velocity of the carriage? [Hint: you will use either energy conservation or momentum conservation. Which of these will you use?] What is the average force acting to stop the carriage? The user would feel this force on their shoulder. [Hint: use the work-energy theorem If the force stopping it is due to a spring, what is the spring constant of the spring? What is the maximum force this spring exerts? The user would feel this force on their shoulder. (e) Now let's see what it would be like without the recoil mechanism. If the barrel of the rifle is 50 cm, what is the average force the expanding gases exert on the bullet? Without the recoil mechanism, the user would feel this full force on their shoulder.

College Physics
College Physics
11th Edition
ISBN:9781305952300
Author:Raymond A. Serway, Chris Vuille
Publisher:Raymond A. Serway, Chris Vuille
Chapter1: Units, Trigonometry. And Vectors
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1CQ: Estimate the order of magnitude of the length, in meters, of each of the following; (a) a mouse, (b)...
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To reduce recoil, many modern rifles are equipped with a recoil mechanism. This system allows the portion of the rifle that acts against the force of the expanding gases—which propels the bullet—to slide in a carriage relative to the rest of the gun. For instance, if this carriage has a mass of 1.5 kg and can slide over a distance of 25 cm, and a bullet with a mass of 15 g is fired at a muzzle velocity of 500 m/s, various calculations can be made: #### Diagram Explanation: The diagram illustrates the recoil mechanism with the following components: - **Recuperator**: This part is involved in the recoil process. - **Recoil/Oil/Air**: These are components of the mechanism to absorb and manage recoil. - **Bolted to guide rail/Bolted to cradle**: The system is securely attached at these points. - **Slides along with guide rails**: This part allows movement to absorb recoil. - **No movement area**: Represents sections that remain fixed during firing. #### Questions and Concepts: (a) **Recoil velocity of the carriage**: Use either energy conservation or momentum conservation to find this. Which will you use? (b) **Average force to stop the carriage**: Calculate the average force exerted, assuming the work-energy theorem. This force is felt on the user’s shoulder. (c) **Spring constant if stopped by a spring**: Determine the spring constant necessary to stop the carriage. (d) **Maximum force exerted by the spring**: Calculate the maximum force and its effect on the shoulder. (e) **Force without the recoil mechanism**: If the rifle barrel is 50 cm, determine the average force exerted by the expanding gases on the bullet. Consider the impact on the user's shoulder without the recoil mechanism.
Transcribed Image Text:To reduce recoil, many modern rifles are equipped with a recoil mechanism. This system allows the portion of the rifle that acts against the force of the expanding gases—which propels the bullet—to slide in a carriage relative to the rest of the gun. For instance, if this carriage has a mass of 1.5 kg and can slide over a distance of 25 cm, and a bullet with a mass of 15 g is fired at a muzzle velocity of 500 m/s, various calculations can be made: #### Diagram Explanation: The diagram illustrates the recoil mechanism with the following components: - **Recuperator**: This part is involved in the recoil process. - **Recoil/Oil/Air**: These are components of the mechanism to absorb and manage recoil. - **Bolted to guide rail/Bolted to cradle**: The system is securely attached at these points. - **Slides along with guide rails**: This part allows movement to absorb recoil. - **No movement area**: Represents sections that remain fixed during firing. #### Questions and Concepts: (a) **Recoil velocity of the carriage**: Use either energy conservation or momentum conservation to find this. Which will you use? (b) **Average force to stop the carriage**: Calculate the average force exerted, assuming the work-energy theorem. This force is felt on the user’s shoulder. (c) **Spring constant if stopped by a spring**: Determine the spring constant necessary to stop the carriage. (d) **Maximum force exerted by the spring**: Calculate the maximum force and its effect on the shoulder. (e) **Force without the recoil mechanism**: If the rifle barrel is 50 cm, determine the average force exerted by the expanding gases on the bullet. Consider the impact on the user's shoulder without the recoil mechanism.
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