To find out the included angles in a closed survey PQRSTP, the following observations were made with the compass. Calculate the included angles after correcting for local attractions. Line Fore bearing Back bearing S62°15’W PQ QR N62°45’E N21°00´E N71°30’W S20°45'W RS S71°30´E ST S39°00’W N38°00´E ТР S54°30'E N53°15’W

To find out the included angles in a closed survey PQRSTP, the following observations were made with the compass. Calculate the included angles after correcting for local attractions. Line Fore bearing Back bearing S62°15’W PQ QR N62°45’E N21°00´E N71°30’W S20°45'W RS S71°30´E ST S39°00’W N38°00´E ТР S54°30'E N53°15’W

Structural Analysis

6th Edition

ISBN:9781337630931

Author:KASSIMALI, Aslam.

Publisher:KASSIMALI, Aslam.

Chapter2: Loads On Structures

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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Concept explainers

Control Survey and Geodetic reductions

Control surveys or survey controls are used to establish reference points as a basis for various construction activities. Vertical and horizontal control points are to be established in a control survey to increase accuracy. After establishing the control points, all other types of surveys such as topographic, right-of-way, aerial mapping, construction layout, boundary surveys, and utility mapping can be worked upon so that control networks can be formed. The place from which the observations are made is called a survey station.

Question

To find out the included angles in a closed survey PQRSTP, the following
observations were made with the compass. Calculate the included angles after
correcting for local attractions.
Line
Fore bearing
Back bearing
N62°45'E
S62°15’W
РО
QR
N21°00´E
S20°45’W
RS
N71°30’W
S71°30’E
ST
S39°00’W
N38°00´E
ТР
S54°30'E
N53°15’W
5.

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