Time to play Matchmaker! These problems and solutions go together like peanut butter and jelly! Each problem is followed by a drop-down menu. Select the quantity in the drop down menu that best matches the answer to the problem. Assume that pressure and number of moles of gas remain constant for each scenario. a. Helium gas in a balloon occupies 2.5 L at 300.0 K. The balloon is dipped into liquid nitrogen that is at a temperature of 80.0 K. The volume of the helium at the lower temperature is L. + mL. b. A sample of neon gas has a volume of 752 mL at 25.0 °C. The volume at 50.0 °C will be C. A helium-filled balloon has a volume of 2.75 L at 20.0 °C. The volume of the balloon changes to 2.46 L when placed outside on a cold day. The temperature outside is + ° C. d. When 1500L of air at 5.00 °C is injected into a household furnace, it comes out at 30.0 °C. Assuming the pressure is constant, the volume of the heated air is e. A balloon with a volume of 15.5 L is inflated a room at 20.0 °C and then taken outside where the temperature is 7.0 °C. The volume of the balloon outside, if the pressure remains constant, will be mL f. The volume of gas in a syringe is 15.0 mL at 23.5 °C. The volume of the gas at 72.5 °C will be
Ideal and Real Gases
Ideal gases obey conditions of the general gas laws under all states of pressure and temperature. Ideal gases are also named perfect gases. The attributes of ideal gases are as follows,
Gas Laws
Gas laws describe the ways in which volume, temperature, pressure, and other conditions correlate when matter is in a gaseous state. The very first observations about the physical properties of gases was made by Robert Boyle in 1662. Later discoveries were made by Charles, Gay-Lussac, Avogadro, and others. Eventually, these observations were combined to produce the ideal gas law.
Gaseous State
It is well known that matter exists in different forms in our surroundings. There are five known states of matter, such as solids, gases, liquids, plasma and Bose-Einstein condensate. The last two are known newly in the recent days. Thus, the detailed forms of matter studied are solids, gases and liquids. The best example of a substance that is present in different states is water. It is solid ice, gaseous vapor or steam and liquid water depending on the temperature and pressure conditions. This is due to the difference in the intermolecular forces and distances. The occurrence of three different phases is due to the difference in the two major forces, the force which tends to tightly hold molecules i.e., forces of attraction and the disruptive forces obtained from the thermal energy of molecules.
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