Threshold of pain 120 phons 120 1 100 100 |10-2 80 80 10-4 60 60 10–6 40 Threshold of hearing 40 10-8 20 20 10-10 | 10-12 50 100 500 1000 5000 10,000 Frequency (Hz) FIGURE 12-6 Sensitivity of the human ear as a function of frequency (see text). Note that the frequency scale is "logarithmic" in order to cover a wide range of frequencies. Sound level (dB) 20 Intensity (W/m²)

Q: (a) (i) State what is meant by the specific acoustic impedance of a medium. (ii) The density of a…

A: (a) (I) to define the specific acoustic impedance of a medium. (ii) to calculate the specific…

Q: (a) Find the length (in m) of an organ pipe closed at one end that produces a fundamental frequency…

A: (a) The equation for the speed of sound is given by, v=331 m/s1+TC273° C  (1) Here, TC is the…

Q: The linear density of wire of length 0.5 m is 2 x 10-³ kg/m. If the tension in the wire is 20 N,…

A: Given, Length (L) = 0.5 m            Linear density (m) = 2 × 10-3 kg/m          Tension (T) = 20 N…

Q: In a first harmonic standing wave with fixed ends, the speed of sound in air is 340 m s–1, the…

A: Fundamental frequency of the vibration  f=vsλ=vsl/2=2vsl

Q: A loudspeaker is placed near the open end of a pipe length 87 cm closed at its other end. Calculate…

A:

Q: A person standing a certain distance from an airplane with four equally noisy jet engines is…

A: Given:Number of jet engines initially running: Sound intensity level when all the engines are…

Q: Prove that the ratio of the frequency values ​​of the fundamental, first, second, and third…

A:

Q: Calculate the frequency (in Hz) of the fundamental note emitted by an open pipe of length 1.4 m. The…

A:

Q: Estimate the ratio of Bs(water)/ Bs(air) knowing approximately their ratio of mass densities and the…

A: The ratio of Bs(water)/ Bs(air) knowing approximately their ratio of mass densities and the ratio of…

Q: A particular jet liner has a cabin noise level of 10^-4.96 W/m. What is this intensity in decibels?…

A: Noise level is I=10-4.96 W/m2 Note: Reference intensity is I0=10-12 W/m2 logmn=nlogm log1010=1 Find:…

Q: Approximately how many times louder (i.e., Sound Level) is a 100‐dB sound than a 60‐dB sound?…

A: Recall β=10dBlog(I/I0)

Q: (II) A guitar string produces 3 beats /s when sounded witha 350-Hz tuning fork and 8 beats/s when…

A: A beat is a difference in frequencies of two overlapping sounds. Here, the guitar string produces…

Q: Calculate the frequency (in Hz) of the 2nd overtone emitted by an open  pipe of length 1.5 m. The…

A: Given : An open pipe. Length, L = 1.5m Speed of sound in air, v = 343 m/s

Shock Waves

Shock waves are common in continuum mechanics, and their dominance is attributable to the fact that they are stronger (or even less) compressible. Substantial perturbations propagated as sudden dynamic changes of a compressible medium supersonically. Shock waves are all around us in our daily lives. Lightning, earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and meteorite impact all produce them in nature. Even the earth, which is protected by its magnetic field, generates a shock wave as in solar wind that travels around 20 Earth radiuses. These shock waves might be either constant, linked to the body, or unsteady, i.e., moving around with time. All of the shocks mentioned above can be damaging, so precautions must be taken to reduce their impact.